Boes Deborah M, Godoy-Hernandez Albert, McMillan Duncan G G
Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, NL-2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, Private Bag 11 222, New Zealand.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 May 8;11(5):346. doi: 10.3390/membranes11050346.
Membrane proteins can be classified into two main categories-integral and peripheral membrane proteins-depending on the nature of their membrane interaction. Peripheral membrane proteins are highly unique amphipathic proteins that interact with the membrane indirectly, using electrostatic or hydrophobic interactions, or directly, using hydrophobic tails or GPI-anchors. The nature of this interaction not only influences the location of the protein in the cell, but also the function. In addition to their unique relationship with the cell membrane, peripheral membrane proteins often play a key role in the development of human diseases such as African sleeping sickness, cancer, and atherosclerosis. This review will discuss the membrane interaction and role of periplasmic nitrate reductase, CymA, cytochrome alkaline phosphatase, ecto-5'-nucleotidase, acetylcholinesterase, alternative oxidase, type-II NADH dehydrogenase, and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in certain diseases. The study of these proteins will give new insights into their function and structure, and may ultimately lead to ground-breaking advances in the treatment of severe diseases.
膜蛋白可根据其与膜相互作用的性质分为两大类——整合膜蛋白和外周膜蛋白。外周膜蛋白是高度独特的两亲性蛋白，它们通过静电或疏水相互作用间接与膜相互作用，或通过疏水尾部或糖基磷脂酰肌醇（GPI）锚直接与膜相互作用。这种相互作用的性质不仅影响蛋白质在细胞中的位置，还影响其功能。除了与细胞膜的独特关系外，外周膜蛋白在非洲昏睡病、癌症和动脉粥样硬化等人类疾病的发展中往往起着关键作用。本综述将讨论周质硝酸还原酶、CymA、细胞色素、碱性磷酸酶、胞外5'-核苷酸酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶、交替氧化酶、II型NADH脱氢酶和二氢乳清酸脱氢酶在某些疾病中的膜相互作用和作用。对这些蛋白质的研究将为它们的功能和结构提供新的见解，并可能最终在严重疾病的治疗方面取得突破性进展。
