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农业中的水-粮食关系评估:系统综述。

Water-Food Nexus Assessment in Agriculture: A Systematic Review.

机构信息

Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Col. Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Mexico.

CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma 42183, Mexico.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 7;18(9):4983. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094983.

Abstract

The Water-Food Nexus (WF) has been proposed to reach equitable, balanced, and sustainable access to water and food resources in the face of the growing population demand. Therefore, developing models to assess them has become more relevant. This work systematically reviews the literature on the tools used to evaluate water and food resources between 2002 and 2020. Furthermore, it reports a critical analysis of the software used to assess the WF Nexus quantitatively. The models analyzed were Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Common Agricultural Policy Regional Impact (CAPRI), Global Food and Water System (GFWS), Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), Water Evaluation And Planning system (WEAP), and Soil Water Atmosphere Plant (SWAP). We deduced that the following are necessary in evaluating the WF Nexus: (1) the capacity to generate future scenarios, (2) a global application, and (3) the application in case studies. The present paper is the first review to provide an overview of the software applied to evaluate WF Nexus, including the advantages and disadvantages of the tools found. They can help build sustainability criteria when designing policies that reduce water and food security risks and promote efficient water and food use.

摘要

水-粮食关系(WF)旨在面对不断增长的人口需求,实现公平、平衡和可持续的水和粮食资源获取。因此,开发评估这些关系的模型变得更加重要。本研究系统地回顾了 2002 年至 2020 年期间用于评估水和粮食资源的工具的文献,并报告了对用于定量评估 WF 关系的软件的批判性分析。分析的模型包括生命周期评估(LCA)、共同农业政策区域影响(CAPRI)、全球粮食和水系统(GFWS)、土壤和水评估工具(SWAT)、水评估和规划系统(WEAP)和土壤水大气植物(SWAP)。我们推断,在评估 WF 关系时,需要具备以下能力:(1)生成未来情景的能力,(2)全球适用性,以及(3)案例研究中的应用。本文是第一篇综述性文章,概述了用于评估 WF 关系的软件,包括所发现工具的优缺点。这些工具可以帮助在制定政策时建立可持续性标准,从而降低水和粮食安全风险,并促进水和粮食的有效利用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d44e/8124841/1cefb9e67c00/ijerph-18-04983-g001.jpg

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