Lu Jia, Wen Xiaosa, Guo Qi, Ji Mengdi, Zhang Felicia, Wagner Abram L, Lu Yihan
Department of Immunizations, Minhang Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201101, China.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 May 7;9(5):472. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9050472.
Several COVID-19 vaccines have been on the market since early 2021 and may vary in their effectiveness and safety. This study characterizes hesitancy about accepting COVID-19 vaccines among parents in Shanghai, China, and identifies how sensitive they are to changes in vaccine safety and effectiveness profiles. Schools in each township of Minhang District, Shanghai, were sampled, and parents in the WeChat group of each school were asked to participate in this cross-sectional Internet-based survey. Parents responded to questions about hesitancy and were given information about five different COVID-19 vaccine candidates, the effectiveness of which varied between 50 and 95% and which had a risk of fever as a side effect between 5 and 20%. Overall, 3673 parents responded to the survey. Almost 90% would accept a vaccine for themselves (89.7%), for their child (87.5%) or for an elderly parent (88.5%) with the most ideal attributes (95% effectiveness with 5% risk of fever). But with the least ideal attributes (50% effectiveness and a 20% risk of fever) these numbers dropped to 33.5%, 31.3%, and 31.8%, respectively. Vaccine hesitancy, age at first child's birth, and relative income were all significantly related to sensitivity to vaccine safety and effectiveness. Parents showed a substantial shift in attitudes towards a vaccine based on its safety and effectiveness profile. These findings indicate that COVID-19 vaccine acceptance may be heavily influenced by how effective the vaccine actually is and could be impeded or enhanced based on vaccines already on the market.
自2021年初以来，几种新冠疫苗已投放市场，其有效性和安全性可能存在差异。本研究描述了中国上海家长对接受新冠疫苗的犹豫情况，并确定了他们对疫苗安全性和有效性变化的敏感程度。对上海闵行区每个乡镇的学校进行抽样，要求各学校家长微信群中的家长参与这项基于互联网的横断面调查。家长们回答了关于犹豫程度的问题，并获得了五种不同新冠候选疫苗的信息，这些疫苗的有效性在50%至95%之间，发烧副作用风险在5%至20%之间。总体而言，3673名家长参与了调查。几乎90%的家长愿意为自己（89.7%）、孩子（87.5%）或老年父母（88.5%）接种具有最理想属性（有效性95%，发烧风险5%）的疫苗。但对于最不理想的属性（有效性50%，发烧风险20%），这些数字分别降至33.5%、31.3%和31.8%。疫苗犹豫、第一个孩子出生时的年龄以及相对收入都与对疫苗安全性和有效性的敏感度显著相关。家长们基于疫苗的安全性和有效性概况对疫苗的态度发生了重大转变。这些发现表明，新冠疫苗的接受度可能会受到疫苗实际有效性的严重影响，并可能因市场上已有的疫苗而受到阻碍或增强。
