Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Colombo, 71, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Molecules. 2021 May 17;26(10):2976. doi: 10.3390/molecules26102976.
DNA-RNA compounds have shown promising protection against cell oxidative stress. This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity, protective, or preventive effect of different experimental formulations on oral epithelia's oxidative stress in vitro.
Reconstituted human oral epithelia (RHOE) were grown air-lifted in a continuous-flow bioreactor. Mouthwashes and gels containing DNA-RNA compounds and other bioactive molecules were tested on a model of oxidative stress generated by hydrogen peroxide treatment. Epithelia viability was evaluated using a biochemical MTT-based assay and confocal microscopy; structural and ultrastructural morphology was evaluated by light microscopy and TEM.
DNA-RNA showed non-cytotoxic activity and effectively protected against oxidative stress, but did not help in its prevention. Gel formulations did not express adequate activity compared to the mouthwashes. Excipients played a fundamental role in enhancing or even decreasing the bioactive molecules' effect.
A mouthwash formulation with hydrolyzed DNA-RNA effectively protected against oxidative stress without additional enhancement by other bioactive molecules. Active compounds, such as hyaluronic acid, β-Glucan, allantoin, bisabolol, ruscogenin, and essential oils, showed a protective effect against oxidative stress, which was not synergistic with the one of DNA-RNA. Incorporation of surfactant agents showed a reduced, yet significant, cytotoxic effect.
DNA-RNA 化合物已显示出对细胞氧化应激有很好的保护作用。本研究旨在评估不同实验配方对体外口腔上皮细胞氧化应激的细胞毒性、保护或预防作用。
重建的人口腔上皮细胞（RHOE）在连续流生物反应器中进行空气悬浮培养。含有 DNA-RNA 化合物和其他生物活性分子的漱口水和凝胶在过氧化氢处理产生的氧化应激模型上进行测试。使用基于 MTT 的生化测定和共聚焦显微镜评估上皮细胞活力；通过光镜和 TEM 评估结构和超微结构形态。
DNA-RNA 表现出非细胞毒性活性，能有效抵抗氧化应激，但不能预防氧化应激。与漱口水相比，凝胶制剂的表达活性不足。赋形剂在增强甚至降低生物活性分子的作用方面发挥了重要作用。
一种含有水解 DNA-RNA 的漱口水配方能有效抵抗氧化应激，而无需其他生物活性分子的额外增强。活性化合物，如透明质酸、β-葡聚糖、尿囊素、双醇、鲁斯可苷元和精油，对氧化应激表现出保护作用，与 DNA-RNA 的作用没有协同作用。表面活性剂的加入显示出降低但仍有显著的细胞毒性作用。
