Kati Vaya, Karamaouna Filitsa, Economou Leonidas, Mylona Photini V, Samara Maria, Mitroiu Mircea-Dan, Barda Myrto, Edwards Mike, Liberopoulou Sofia
Scientific Directorate of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta Str., 14561 Kifissia, Greece.
HAO-DEMETER, Institute of Plant Breeding & Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Plants (Basel). 2021 May 17;10(5):1003. doi: 10.3390/plants10051003.
We evaluated the capacity of selected plants, sown along a processing tomato field margin in central Greece and natural vegetation, to attract beneficial and Hymenoptera pollinating insects and questioned whether they can distract pollinators from crop flowers. Measurements of flower cover and attracted pollinators and beneficial arthropods were recorded from early-May to mid-July, during the cultivation period of the crop. Flower cover was higher in the sown mixtures compared to natural vegetation and was positively correlated with the number of attracted pollinators. The sown , , , and attracted mainly wild bees, which were the most abundant pollinating insects. In the natural vegetation, attracted mainly honeybees, while Asteraceae, Convolvulaceae, and Apiaceae species attracted wild bees. Beneficial arthropod abundance and diversity were higher in the sown mixture. Tomato flowers were visited by a small number of wild bees. Their number was not affected by the distance from the field margin, indicating no distraction effect from the sown or natural vegetation flowering plants. Our results suggest that selected flowering plants can improve the field margin habitats for pollinating insects and beneficial arthropods, but more work is needed to elucidate the effect on crop pollination.
我们评估了希腊中部加工番茄田边缘播种的选定植物以及自然植被吸引有益昆虫和膜翅目传粉昆虫的能力，并质疑它们是否会使传粉者从作物花朵上转移。在作物种植期间，从5月初到7月中旬记录了花朵覆盖率以及吸引到的传粉者和有益节肢动物。与自然植被相比，播种混合物中的花朵覆盖率更高，且与吸引到的传粉者数量呈正相关。播种的[此处原文有缺失植物名称]主要吸引野生蜜蜂，野生蜜蜂是数量最多的传粉昆虫。在自然植被中，[此处原文有缺失植物名称]主要吸引蜜蜂，而菊科、旋花科和伞形科植物吸引野生蜜蜂。播种混合物中有益节肢动物的丰度和多样性更高。少量野生蜜蜂访问番茄花。它们的数量不受距田边距离的影响，表明播种或自然植被中的开花植物没有分散作用。我们的结果表明，选定的开花植物可以改善田边栖息地，有利于传粉昆虫和有益节肢动物，但需要更多工作来阐明对作物授粉的影响。
