Haindl Regina, Engel Julia, Kulozik Ulrich
Chair of Food and Bioprocess Engineering, ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Microorganisms. 2021 May 13;9(5):1049. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9051049.
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an alternative method for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases with a high recovery rate. Disadvantages are ethical concerns, high donor requirements and the low storability of stool samples. The cultivation of an in vitro microbiota in a continuous bioreactor was established as an alternative to FMT to overcome these problems. In this study, the influence of the system parameters and donor stool characteristics was investigated. Each continuous colonic fermentation system was inoculated with feces from three different donors until a stable state was established. The influence of the fermentation conditions on the system's behavior regarding cell count, metabolic activity, short-chain fatty acid profile and microbiota composition as well as richness and diversity was assessed. Cultivation conditions were found to affect the microbial system: the number of cells and the production of short-chain fatty acids increased. The abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes decreased, Bacteroidetes increased, while Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia remained largely unaffected. Diversity in the in vitro system decreased, but richness was unaffected. The cultivation of stool from different donors revealed that the performance of the created in vitro system was similar and comparable, but unique characteristics of the composition of the original stool remained.
粪便微生物群移植（FMT）是一种治疗胃肠道疾病的替代方法，治愈率较高。其缺点包括伦理问题、对供体要求高以及粪便样本储存性差。建立在连续生物反应器中培养体外微生物群作为FMT的替代方法以克服这些问题。在本研究中，研究了系统参数和供体粪便特征的影响。每个连续结肠发酵系统接种来自三个不同供体的粪便，直至建立稳定状态。评估了发酵条件对系统在细胞计数、代谢活性、短链脂肪酸谱和微生物群组成以及丰富度和多样性方面行为的影响。发现培养条件会影响微生物系统：细胞数量和短链脂肪酸产量增加。放线菌和厚壁菌的丰度降低，拟杆菌增加，而变形菌和疣微菌基本不受影响。体外系统的多样性降低，但丰富度不受影响。对来自不同供体的粪便进行培养表明，所创建的体外系统的性能相似且具有可比性，但原始粪便组成的独特特征仍然存在。
