Wawrzuta Dominik, Jaworski Mariusz, Gotlib Joanna, Panczyk Mariusz
Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 May 10;9(5):481. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9050481.
Social media allow anti-vaxxers to quickly spread misinformation and false statements. This situation may lead to an increase in vaccine hesitancy. We wanted to characterize what arguments against COVID-19 vaccines run on Facebook in Poland. We analyzed Facebook comments related to the five events of the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines-announcements of the efficacy of the Pfizer-BioNTech (09.11.2020), Moderna (16.11.2020), and AstraZeneca (23.11.2020) vaccines, registration of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine by the European Medicines Agency (21.12.2020), and the first vaccination in Poland (27.12.2020). We collected the comments from fanpages of the biggest Polish media and then established their main anti-vaccine themes. We found that the negative arguments about COVID-19 vaccines can be divided into 12 categories. Seven of them are universal and also apply to other vaccines but five are new and COVID-19' specific. The frequency of arguments from a given category varied over time. We also noticed that, while the comments were mostly negative, the reactions were positive. Created codebook of anti-vaccine COVID-19 arguments can be used to monitor the attitude of society towards COVID-19 vaccines. Real-time monitoring of social media is important because the popularity of certain arguments on Facebook changes rapidly over time.
社交媒体使反疫苗者能够迅速传播错误信息和虚假陈述。这种情况可能导致疫苗犹豫情绪增加。我们想了解在波兰，脸书上针对新冠疫苗的反对观点有哪些特点。我们分析了与新冠疫苗推出的五个事件相关的脸书评论，这些事件包括辉瑞 - 生物科技公司疫苗（2020年11月9日）、莫德纳疫苗（2020年11月16日）、阿斯利康疫苗（2020年11月23日）的有效性宣布，欧洲药品管理局对辉瑞 - 生物科技公司疫苗的注册（2020年12月21日），以及波兰的首次疫苗接种（2020年12月27日）。我们从波兰最大媒体的粉丝页面收集评论，然后确定其主要的反疫苗主题。我们发现，关于新冠疫苗的负面观点可分为12类。其中7类是普遍存在的，也适用于其他疫苗，但有5类是新出现的且特定于新冠疫苗。特定类别观点的出现频率随时间变化。我们还注意到，虽然评论大多是负面的，但反应却是积极的。创建的新冠疫苗反疫苗观点编码手册可用于监测社会对新冠疫苗的态度。对社交媒体进行实时监测很重要，因为脸书上某些观点的流行度会随时间迅速变化。
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