Wawrzuta Dominik, Klejdysz Justyna, Jaworski Mariusz, Gotlib Joanna, Panczyk Mariusz
Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 81, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Economics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jul 27;10(8):1190. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081190.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media content analysis allowed for tracking attitudes toward newly introduced vaccines. However, current evidence is limited to single social media platforms. Our objective was to compare arguments used by anti-vaxxers in the context of COVID-19 vaccines across Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok. We obtained the data set of 53,671 comments regarding COVID-19 vaccination published between August 2021 and February 2022. After that, we established categories of anti-vaccine content, manually classified comments, and compared the frequency of occurrence of the categories between social media platforms. We found that anti-vaxxers on social media use 14 categories of arguments against COVID-19 vaccines. The frequency of these categories varies across different social media platforms. The anti-vaxxers' activity on Facebook and Twitter is similar, focusing mainly on distrust of government and allegations regarding vaccination safety and effectiveness. Anti-vaxxers on TikTok mainly focus on personal freedom, while Instagram users encouraging vaccination often face criticism suggesting that vaccination is a private matter that should not be shared. Due to the differences in vaccine sentiment among users of different social media platforms, future research and educational campaigns should consider these distinctions, focusing more on the platforms popular among adolescents (i.e., Instagram and TikTok).
在新冠疫情期间，社交媒体内容分析有助于追踪人们对新推出疫苗的态度。然而，目前的证据仅限于单一社交媒体平台。我们的目标是比较脸书、推特、照片墙和抖音上反疫苗者在新冠疫苗问题上所使用的论据。我们获取了2021年8月至2022年2月期间发布的53671条关于新冠疫苗接种的评论数据集。之后，我们确定了反疫苗内容的类别，对手动分类的评论进行分析，并比较了不同社交媒体平台上各类别出现的频率。我们发现，社交媒体上的反疫苗者使用14类论据来反对新冠疫苗。这些类别的出现频率在不同社交媒体平台上有所不同。反疫苗者在脸书和推特上的活动相似，主要集中在对政府的不信任以及对疫苗安全性和有效性的指控上。抖音上的反疫苗者主要关注个人自由，而照片墙上鼓励接种疫苗的用户常常面临批评，称接种疫苗是个人私事，不应分享。由于不同社交媒体平台用户对疫苗的看法存在差异，未来的研究和教育活动应考虑这些差异，更多地关注青少年常用的平台（即照片墙和抖音）。
