Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
Mar Drugs. 2021 May 10;19(5):265. doi: 10.3390/md19050265.
Several types of cancers share cellular and molecular behaviors. Although many chemotherapy drugs have been designed to weaken the defenses of cancer cells, these drugs may also have cytotoxic effects on healthy tissues. Fucoidan, a sulfated fucose-based polysaccharide from brown algae, has gained much attention as an antitumor drug owing to its anticancer effects against multiple cancer types. Among the anticancer mechanisms of fucoidan are cell cycle arrest, apoptosis evocation, and stimulation of cytotoxic natural killer cells and macrophages. Fucoidan also protects against toxicity associated with chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation-induced damage. The synergistic effect of fucoidan with existing anticancer drugs has prompted researchers to explore its therapeutic potential. This review compiles the mechanisms through which fucoidan slows tumor growth, kills cancer cells, and interacts with cancer chemotherapy drugs. The obstacles involved in developing fucoidan as an anticancer agent are also discussed in this review.
几种类型的癌症具有相似的细胞和分子行为。尽管许多化疗药物被设计用来削弱癌细胞的防御能力，但这些药物也可能对健康组织产生细胞毒性作用。褐藻中提取的硫酸化岩藻多糖——岩藻聚糖硫酸酯，由于对多种癌症类型具有抗癌作用，因而备受关注。岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的抗癌机制包括细胞周期停滞、诱导细胞凋亡以及刺激细胞毒性自然杀伤细胞和巨噬细胞。岩藻聚糖硫酸酯还可以防止与化疗药物和辐射诱导损伤相关的毒性。岩藻聚糖硫酸酯与现有抗癌药物的协同作用促使研究人员探索其治疗潜力。本综述总结了岩藻聚糖硫酸酯抑制肿瘤生长、杀死癌细胞以及与癌症化疗药物相互作用的机制。本综述还讨论了将岩藻聚糖硫酸酯开发为抗癌药物所面临的障碍。
