Raimon Stephen, Dusabimana Alfred, Abd-Elfarag Gasim, Okaro Samuel, Carter Jane Y, Newton Charles R, Logora Makoy Yibi, Colebunders Robert
Amref Health Africa, Juba P.O. Box 410, South Sudan.
Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Kinsbergen Centrum, Doornstraat 331, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
Pathogens. 2021 May 14;10(5):599. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10050599.
In June 2020, a door-to-door household survey was conducted in Mvolo County, an onchocerciasis-endemic area in South Sudan. A total of 2357 households containing 15,699 individuals agreed to participate in the study. Of these, 5046 (32.1%, 95% CI: 31.4-32.9%) had skin itching and 445 (2.8%, 95% CI: 2.6-3.1%) were blind. An epilepsy screening questionnaire identified 813 (5.1%) persons suspected of having epilepsy. Of them, 804 (98.9%) were seen by a medical doctor, and in 798 (98.1%) the diagnosis of epilepsy was confirmed. The overall epilepsy prevalence was 50.8/1000 (95% CI: 47.6-54.4/1000), while the prevalence of nodding syndrome was 22.4/1000 (95% CI: 20.1-24.9/1000). Younger age, being male, skin itching, blindness, and living in a neighbourhood or village close to the Naam River were risk factors for epilepsy. The annual incidence of epilepsy was 82.8/100,000 (95% CI: 44.1-141.6/100,000). Among children 7-9 years old without epilepsy, 34% were Ov16 seropositive, suggesting high ongoing transmission, but only 41.9% of them took ivermectin during the last mass distribution. In conclusion, a high prevalence and incidence of epilepsy was observed in Mvolo, South Sudan. Strengthening of the onchocerciasis elimination programme is urgently needed in order to prevent epilepsy in this region.
2020年6月，在南苏丹盘尾丝虫病流行区姆沃洛县开展了一项挨家挨户的家庭调查。共有2357户家庭、15699人同意参与该研究。其中，5046人（32.1%，95%置信区间：31.4 - 32.9%）有皮肤瘙痒症状，445人（2.8%，95%置信区间：2.6 - 3.1%）失明。一份癫痫筛查问卷识别出813名（5.1%）疑似患有癫痫的人。其中，804人（98.9%）看过医生，798人（98.1%）的癫痫诊断得到确诊。癫痫总体患病率为50.8/1000（95%置信区间：47.6 - 54.4/1000），而点头综合征患病率为22.4/1000（95%置信区间：20.1 - 24.9/1000）。年龄较小、男性、皮肤瘙痒、失明以及居住在靠近纳姆河的社区或村庄是癫痫的危险因素。癫痫的年发病率为82.8/100000（95%置信区间：44.1 - 141.6/100000）。在7至9岁无癫痫的儿童中，34%为Ov16血清阳性，表明传播仍在持续，但在上次大规模分发期间，他们中只有41.9%服用了伊维菌素。总之，在南苏丹姆沃洛观察到癫痫的高患病率和发病率。迫切需要加强盘尾丝虫病消除计划，以预防该地区的癫痫。
