Child Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland.
Faculty of Social Sciences, Nursing Science, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 14;18(10):5226. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105226.
Perinatal psychological distress (PPD) may cause delays in help-seeking in the perinatal period, which is crucial for families with small children. Help-seeking theories focus on rational processes of behavior wherein 'help-seeking' is viewed as a decision-making process, in which action is preceded by recognizing a problem. We identified the phase prior to actual help-seeking actions as a life situation and a phenomenon through which to gain a deeper understanding from women's own perspectives. The aim of this study was to integrate and synthesize knowledge of women's experiences of contemplating seeking help for PPD. We chose interpretative meta-ethnography by Noblit and Hare (1988) and implemented eMERGe guidelines in reporting. The search was performed systematically, and the 14 included studies were evaluated with Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist (CASP). We identified seven themes and a metaphor in a lines-of-argument synthesis, showing that contemplating help-seeking is a multidimensional phenomenon. We did not observe a straightforward and linear process (as previous research suggests) but instead a complex process of contemplating help-seeking. A clinical implication is that service providers should work with outreach and develop their tools to connect with mothers with PPD. Another suggestion is to improve training in mental health literacy prior to or during pregnancy.
围产期心理困扰（PPD）可能导致在围产期寻求帮助的延迟，这对有小孩的家庭至关重要。寻求帮助的理论侧重于行为的理性过程，其中“寻求帮助”被视为一个决策过程，在这个过程中，行动之前先认识到问题。我们将实际寻求帮助的行为之前的阶段确定为一种生活状况和一种现象，以便从女性自身的角度更深入地了解它们。本研究的目的是整合和综合女性对 PPD 寻求帮助的思考经验的知识。我们选择了 Noblit 和 Hare（1988）的解释性元分析，并在报告中实施了 eMERGe 指南。搜索是系统进行的，14 项纳入的研究用批判性评估技能计划清单（CASP）进行了评估。我们在论证综合中确定了七个主题和一个隐喻，表明思考寻求帮助是一个多维度的现象。我们没有观察到一个直接和线性的过程（如先前的研究所示），而是一个思考寻求帮助的复杂过程。一个临床意义是服务提供者应该与外展工作合作，并开发工具与患有 PPD 的母亲联系。另一个建议是在怀孕前或怀孕期间提高心理健康素养的培训。
