Xin Huailu, Wang Mingyu, Xia Zou, Yu Bing, He Jun, Yu Jie, Mao Xiangbing, Huang Zhiqing, Luo Yuheng, Luo Junqiu, Yan Hui, Wang Huifen, Wang Quyuan, Zheng Ping, Chen Daiwen
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, China.
Animals (Basel). 2021 May 19;11(5):1452. doi: 10.3390/ani11051452.
Accumulating evidences demonstrate that fermented feed and liquid feeding exerted a great beneficial influence on growth performance and health in the pig industry. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fermented liquid feeding on the growth performance and intestinal function of pigs. Two hundred and eighty-eight 27-day-old weaned piglets (8.21 ± 0.27 kg) were randomly allocated to a control group (basal diet (CON)), an antibiotic group (basal diet supplemented with antibiotics (AB)) and a fermented liquid feeding group (basal diet with fermented liquid feeding (FLF)), with 6 replicates per treatment and 16 weaned piglets per replicate. The experiment lasted for 160 days. Fresh fecal samples were collected to evaluate the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients from the last 4 days of each stage. The results are shown as follows: (1) Compared with the CON group, in the whole stage, the FLF diet significantly increased the final body weight (BW) and ADG of pigs ( < 0.05), and had a tendency to increase ADFI ( = 0.086), but had no effect on F/G. (2) The ATTD of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude ash (CA), crude fiber (CF), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and total phosphorus (TP) in the FLF group was significantly elevated compared with those of the CON group at 8-20 kg stage ( < 0.05). Meanwhile, the ATTD of EE in the FLF group was significantly increased compared with that of the CON group at the 50-75 kg and 100-125 kg stages ( < 0.05), and the ATTD of Ca was higher than that of CON group at the 100-125 kg stage ( < 0.05). (3) Compared with that of the CON group, the level of serum leptin in the FLF group had a tendency to decrease ( = 0.054), the level of serum ghrelin in the FLF group was significantly elevated ( < 0.05) and the level of serum peptide YY in the FLF group was significantly decreased ( < 0.05). (4) The abundance of in cecal and colonic digesta was observably enhanced in FLF group. Meanwhile, the abundance of in cecal and colonic digesta were dramatically reduced in the FLF group compared with that in the CON and AB groups ( < 0.05). (5) The levels of acetic acid in colonic digesta were significantly increased in the FLF group ( < 0.05), and an increasing trend was observed in total VFA in colonic digesta compared with CON ( < 0.1). The levels of acetic acid in colonic digesta were significantly promoted in the FLF group compared with that of the AB group ( < 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate that fermented liquid feeding improved the growth performance of pigs, which might be associated with gastrointestinal hormone and intestinal functions.
越来越多的证据表明，发酵饲料和液体饲喂对养猪业的生长性能和健康产生了极大的有益影响。本试验旨在评估发酵液体饲喂对猪生长性能和肠道功能的影响。将288头27日龄断奶仔猪（8.21±0.27千克）随机分为对照组（基础日粮（CON））、抗生素组（基础日粮添加抗生素（AB））和发酵液体饲喂组（基础日粮加发酵液体饲喂（FLF）），每个处理6个重复，每个重复16头断奶仔猪。试验持续160天。收集新鲜粪便样本，以评估每个阶段最后4天营养物质的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）。结果如下：（1）与CON组相比，在整个阶段，FLF日粮显著提高了猪的末体重（BW）和平均日增重（ADG）（P<0.05），且有提高平均日采食量（ADFI）的趋势（P = 0.086），但对料重比（F/G）无影响。（2）在8 - 20千克阶段，FLF组干物质（DM）、粗蛋白（CP）、乙醚提取物（EE）、粗灰分（CA）、粗纤维（CF）、总能（GE）、钙（Ca）和总磷（TP）的ATTD显著高于CON组（P<0.05）。同时，在50 - 75千克和100 - 125千克阶段，FLF组EE的ATTD显著高于CON组（P<0.05），在100 - 125千克阶段，FLF组Ca的ATTD高于CON组（P<0.05）。（3）与CON组相比，FLF组血清瘦素水平有下降趋势（P = 0.054），血清胃饥饿素水平显著升高（P<0.05），血清肽YY水平显著降低（P<0.05）。（4）FLF组盲肠和结肠内容物中[具体微生物名称未给出]的丰度明显增加。同时，与CON组和AB组相比，FLF组盲肠和结肠内容物中[具体微生物名称未给出]的丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。（5）FLF组结肠内容物中乙酸水平显著升高（P<0.05），与CON组相比，结肠内容物中总挥发性脂肪酸有增加趋势（P<0.1）。与AB组相比，FLF组结肠内容物中乙酸水平显著升高（P<0.05）。总之，这些结果表明，发酵液体饲喂提高了猪的生长性能，这可能与胃肠激素和肠道功能有关。
