Bottoni Martina, Milani Fabrizia, Mozzo Marta, Radice Kolloffel Daniele Armando, Papini Alessio, Fratini Filippo, Maggi Filippo, Santagostini Laura
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milano, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Brescia, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2021 May 19;10(5):1008. doi: 10.3390/plants10051008.
In the present paper, we focused our attention on (L.) J. Presl. (Lauraceae), studied at three levels: (i) micromorphological, with the analysis of the secretory structures and a novel in-depth histochemical characterization of the secreted compounds; (ii) phytochemical, with the characterization of the essential oils from young stems, fruits, and leaves, subjected to different conservation procedures (fresh, dried, stored at -20 °C, stored at -80 °C) and collected in two different years; (iii) bioactive, consisting of a study of the potential antibacterial activity of the essential oils. The micromorphological investigation proved the presence of secretory cells characterized by a multi-layered wall in the young stems and leaves. They resulted in two different types: mucilage cells producing muco-polysaccharides and oil cells with an exclusive terpene production. The phytochemical investigations showed a predominance of monoterpenes over sesquiterpene derivatives; among them, the main components retrieved in all samples were 1,8-cineole followed by -terpineol and sabinene. Conservation procedures seem to only influence the amounts of specific components, i.e., 1,8-cineole and -terpineol, while analyses on each plant part revealed the presence of some peculiar secondary constituents for each of them. Finally, the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the essential oil showed a promising activity against various microorganisms, as , , and . In conclusion, we combined a micromorphological and phytochemical approach of the study on different plant parts of , linking the occurrence of secretory cells to the production of essential oils. We compared, for the first time, the composition of essential oils derived from different plant matrices conserved with different procedures, allowing us to highlight a relation between the conservation technique and the main components of the profiles. Moreover, the preliminary antibacterial studies evidenced the potential activity of the essential oils against various microorganisms potentially dangerous for plants and humans.
在本论文中，我们将注意力集中在樟科的具体植物名称 J. Presl.上，从三个层面进行了研究：(i)微观形态学层面，分析其分泌结构并对分泌化合物进行全新的深入组织化学表征；(ii)植物化学层面，对幼茎、果实和叶片中的精油进行表征，这些样本经过不同的保存程序（新鲜、干燥、-20°C保存、-80°C保存），且采集于两个不同年份；(iii)生物活性层面，研究精油的潜在抗菌活性。微观形态学研究证实，幼茎和叶片中存在以多层壁为特征的分泌细胞。它们可分为两种不同类型：产生粘多糖的粘液细胞和仅产生萜类化合物的油细胞。植物化学研究表明，单萜类化合物比倍半萜衍生物更占优势；其中，在所有样本中检测到的主要成分是1,8-桉叶素，其次是α-松油醇和桧烯。保存程序似乎仅影响特定成分的含量，即1,8-桉叶素和α-松油醇，而对每个植物部位的分析显示，它们各自都存在一些特殊的次生成分。最后，精油抗菌活性的评估表明，其对多种微生物具有良好的活性，如[具体微生物名称1]、[具体微生物名称2]、[具体微生物名称3]和[具体微生物名称4]。总之，我们结合了对[具体植物名称]不同植物部位的微观形态学和植物化学研究方法，将分泌细胞的存在与精油的产生联系起来。我们首次比较了不同保存程序下不同植物基质中精油的成分，从而能够突出保存技术与精油成分谱主要成分之间的关系。此外，初步的抗菌研究证明了精油对多种可能对植物和人类构成危险的微生物具有潜在活性。
