U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center-Leetown Research Laboratory, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA.
Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 30;18(11):5881. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115881.
Smallmouth bass is an economically important sportfish and within the Chesapeake Bay watershed has experienced a high prevalence of external lesions, infectious disease, mortality events, reproductive endocrine disruption and population declines. To date, no clear or consistent associations with contaminants measured in fish tissue or surface water have been found. Therefore, plasma samples from two sites in the Potomac River and two in the Susquehanna River drainage basins, differing in land-use characteristics, were utilized to determine if perfluoroalkyl substances were present. Four compounds, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA), were detected in every fish. Two additional compounds, perfluorooctane sulphonamide (PFOSA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), were less commonly detected at lower concentrations, depending on the site. Concentrations of PFOS (up to 574 ng/mL) were the highest detected and varied significantly among sites. No seasonal differences (spring versus fall) in plasma concentrations were observed. Concentrations of PFOS were not significantly different between the sexes. However, PFUnA and PFDoA concentrations were higher in males than females. Both agricultural and developed land-use appeared to be associated with exposure. Further research is needed to determine if these compounds could be affecting the health of smallmouth bass and identify sources.
小口黑鲈是一种具有重要经济价值的游钓鱼类，在切萨皮克湾流域，其体表出现病变、感染疾病、死亡率上升、生殖内分泌紊乱和种群数量减少等现象的比例很高。迄今为止，尚未发现鱼类组织或地表水污染物与之存在明确或一致的关联。因此，利用来自波托马克河两个地点和萨斯奎哈纳河两个地点的血浆样本，这些地点的土地利用特征不同，以确定是否存在全氟烷基物质。所有鱼类样本中均检测到四种化合物，即全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟壬酸（PFUnA）、全氟癸酸（PFDA）和全氟十二烷酸（PFDoA）。另外两种化合物，即全氟辛烷磺酰胺（PFOSA）和全氟壬酸（PFNA），则因地点而异，以较低浓度较少被检出。PFOS 的浓度（高达 574ng/mL）最高，且各地点之间差异显著。未观察到血浆浓度的季节性差异（春季与秋季）。PFOS 浓度在性别之间无显著差异。然而，雄性鱼类的 PFUnA 和 PFDoA 浓度高于雌性。农业和发达的土地利用似乎都与暴露有关。需要进一步研究以确定这些化合物是否会影响小口黑鲈的健康，并确定其来源。
