Schall Megan K, Smith Geoffrey D, Blazer Vicki S, Walsh Heather L, Wagner Tyler
Biological Sciences, Penn State Hazleton, 76 University Drive, Hazleton, Pennsylvania, USA.
Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission, Division of Fisheries Management, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Fish Dis. 2025 Jan;48(1):e14033. doi: 10.1111/jfd.14033. Epub 2024 Oct 23.
Hyperpigmented melanistic lesions (HPMLs) are a visual anomaly documented on the skin of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in the Susquehanna River Basin, Pennsylvania and in numerous other geographical locations. Currently, there is a lack of information on environmental and fish characteristics that may influence the prevalence of HPMLs associated with a recently described Adomavirus. The goal of this study was to understand potential drivers associated with HPMLs in socioeconomically and ecologically important riverine smallmouth bass populations. A total of 16,220 smallmouth bass were collected and examined for HPMLs between 2012 and 2022 in the Susquehanna River Basin. Overall, HPMLs were documented on 2.9% of fish collected. The interaction between temperature and fish size suggested differing relationships between shorter and longer fish with respect to temperature. Predicted probability of HPML prevalence ranged from 1.1% (95% CI = 0.3, 3.2) at 4°C to 0.01% (CI = 0.00, 0.04) at 26°C for an age-0 (125 mm) fish. In contrast, predicted probability of HPML prevalence ranged from 10.5% (95% CI = 5.8, 18.9) at 4°C to 0.8% (CI = 0.4, 1.5) at 26°C for an adult (322 mm) fish. Overall, HPMLs were more common in longer fish during cooler temperature periods which also corresponds to key life history periods for smallmouth bass (e.g., pre-spawn and overwintering) and could represent different exposure histories for juvenile and adult fish.
色素沉着过度的黑色病变（HPMLs）是在宾夕法尼亚州萨斯奎哈纳河流域的小口黑鲈（Micropterus dolomieu）以及许多其他地理位置的小口黑鲈皮肤上记录到的一种视觉异常现象。目前，关于可能影响与最近描述的腺病毒相关的HPMLs患病率的环境和鱼类特征的信息还很缺乏。本研究的目的是了解在社会经济和生态上重要的河流小口黑鲈种群中与HPMLs相关的潜在驱动因素。2012年至2022年期间，在萨斯奎哈纳河流域共收集了16220条小口黑鲈并检查是否存在HPMLs。总体而言，在收集的鱼类中，有2.9%被记录有HPMLs。温度和鱼的大小之间的相互作用表明，不同长度的鱼在温度方面存在不同的关系。对于0龄（125毫米）的鱼，HPMLs患病率的预测概率在4°C时为1.1%（95%置信区间 = 0.3, 3.2），在26°C时为0.01%（置信区间 = 0.00, 0.04）。相比之下，对于成年（322毫米）的鱼，HPMLs患病率的预测概率在4°C时为10.5%（95%置信区间 = 5.8, 18.9），在26°C时为0.8%（置信区间 = 0.4, 1.5）。总体而言，HPMLs在较冷温度时期的较长鱼中更为常见，这也与小口黑鲈的关键生活史时期（如产卵前和越冬）相对应，并且可能代表幼鱼和成鱼不同的暴露历史。
