Busacchio Derna, Mazzocco Ketti, Radice Davide, Summers Paul E, Pricolo Paola, Pravettoni Gabriella, Petralia Giuseppe
Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Division of Radiology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 May 28;11(6):972. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11060972.
This study aimed to identify the main factors that asymptomatic individuals considered when deciding to undergo self-referred Whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) for early cancer diagnosis and the subjective values attributed to each mentioned factor in a Decision tree analysis. Personal characteristics such as risk perception and personality were investigated as possible factors affecting value attribution. Seventy-four volunteers (mean age 56.4; male = 47) filled a simplified decision tree by expressing the expected factors and related subjective values associated with two screening options for early cancer diagnosis (standard procedures vs. WB-MRI+standard procedures) while waiting for a WB-MRI examination. Questionnaires on risk perception and personality traits were also administered. Expected factors were summarized in 5 clusters: diagnostic certainty, psychological well-being, safety, test validity and time/cost. Test validity and time/cost were evaluated as potential losses in both procedures. Diagnostic Certainty and safety were evaluated as losses in standard screening, and as an advantage when considering WB-MRI+standard screening. Forty-five percent of participants considered WB-MRI+standard screening as beneficial for their psychological well-being. Finally, personal absolute and comparative risk to get cancer was associated with a positive value attribution to WB-MRI ( < 0.05). Our results showed the addition of WB-MRI to be generally considered a good option to increase individuals' perceptions of diagnostic certainty and the safety of the exam, and to increase psychological well-being. The positive value of such a screening option increased with the individual's cancer risk perception.
本研究旨在确定无症状个体在决定接受自我推荐的全身磁共振成像（WB-MRI）进行早期癌症诊断时所考虑的主要因素，以及在决策树分析中赋予每个提及因素的主观价值。研究调查了风险感知和性格等个人特征作为可能影响价值归因的因素。74名志愿者（平均年龄56.4岁；男性47名）在等待WB-MRI检查时，通过表达与两种早期癌症诊断筛查选项（标准程序与WB-MRI+标准程序）相关的预期因素和相关主观价值，填写了一份简化的决策树。还发放了关于风险感知和性格特征的问卷。预期因素归纳为5类：诊断确定性、心理健康、安全性、测试有效性以及时间/成本。在两种程序中，测试有效性和时间/成本都被评估为潜在损失。诊断确定性和安全性在标准筛查中被评估为损失，而在考虑WB-MRI+标准筛查时被视为优势。45%的参与者认为WB-MRI+标准筛查对他们的心理健康有益。最后，个人患癌的绝对风险和比较风险与对WB-MRI的积极价值归因相关（<0.05）。我们的结果表明，增加WB-MRI通常被认为是一个好的选择，可以提高个体对诊断确定性和检查安全性的认知，并增进心理健康。这种筛查选项的积极价值随着个体癌症风险感知的增加而增加。
