Kakarla Mamatha, ChallaSivaKanaka Sathyavathi, Hayward Simon W, Franco Omar E
Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Research Institute, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 May 28;13(11):2656. doi: 10.3390/cancers13112656.
Stromal cells play crucial roles in tumor development and are increasingly attractive targets for therapy. There are considerable racial disparities in the incidence and progression of many tumors, reflecting both environmental exposure and genetic differences existing between races. Tumorigenesis and tumor progression are linked to both the propensity to suffer an initiating event and the host response to such an event once it occurs, contributing to incidence and outcomes. In this review, we focused on racial disparities in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of different cancers as potential modulators of growth, metastasis, and response to treatment. Several studies suggest that the TME in AA has a distinct tumor biology and may facilitate both early onset and aggressive tumor growth while inhibiting anti-tumorigenic properties. The TME of AA patients often exhibits an immunosuppressive microenvironment with a substantial enrichment of immune inflammatory pathways and genes. As a result, AA patients can potentially benefit more from treatment strategies that modulate the immune system. Focusing on TME components for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes to address racial disparities is a promising area of investigation. Future basic and clinical research studies on personalized cancer diagnosis and treatment should acknowledge the significance of TME in racial disparities.
基质细胞在肿瘤发展中起着关键作用，并且越来越成为有吸引力的治疗靶点。许多肿瘤的发病率和进展存在相当大的种族差异，这既反映了环境暴露情况，也反映了不同种族之间存在的基因差异。肿瘤发生和肿瘤进展既与发生起始事件的倾向有关，也与宿主对该事件发生后的反应有关，这影响着发病率和预后。在本综述中，我们关注不同癌症的肿瘤微环境（TME）中的种族差异，将其视为生长、转移和治疗反应的潜在调节因素。多项研究表明，非裔美国人（AA）的TME具有独特的肿瘤生物学特性，可能既促进肿瘤的早期发生和侵袭性生长，又抑制抗肿瘤特性。AA患者的TME通常表现出免疫抑制微环境，免疫炎症途径和基因大量富集。因此，AA患者可能从调节免疫系统的治疗策略中获益更多。专注于TME成分以用于诊断和治疗目的来解决种族差异是一个很有前景的研究领域。未来关于个性化癌症诊断和治疗的基础和临床研究应认识到TME在种族差异中的重要性。
