Răut Iuliana, Călin Mariana, Vuluga Zina, Oancea Florin, Paceagiu Jenica, Radu Nicoleta, Doni Mihaela, Alexandrescu Elvira, Purcar Violeta, Gurban Ana-Maria, Petre Ionela, Jecu Luiza
National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Independentei Spl., 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
Doctoral School of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Bvd, District 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2021 May 28;14(11):2906. doi: 10.3390/ma14112906.
Environmental contamination, extensive exploitation of fuel sources and accessibility of natural renewable resources represent the for the development of composite biomaterials. These materials have controlled properties, being obtained through processes operated in mild conditions with low costs, and contributing to the valorization of byproducts from agriculture and industry fields. A novel board composite including lignocelullosic substrate as wheat straws, fungal mycelium and polypropylene embedded with bacterial spores was developed and investigated in the present study. The bacterial spores embedded in polymer were found to be viable even after heat exposure, helping to increase the compatibility of polymer with hydrophilic microorganisms. Fungal based biopolymer composite was obtained after cultivation of macromycetes on a mixture including wheat straws and polypropylene embedded with spores from . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy images showed the fungal mycelium covering the substrates with a dense network of filaments. The resulted biomaterial is safe, inert, renewable, natural, biodegradable and it can be molded in the desired shape. The fungal biocomposite presented similar compressive strength and improved thermal insulation capacity compared to polystyrene with high potential to be used as thermal insulation material for applications in construction sector.
环境污染、燃料资源的广泛开采以及天然可再生资源的可及性是复合生物材料发展的动力。这些材料具有可控的性能，通过在温和条件下以低成本操作的工艺获得，并有助于农业和工业领域副产品的增值。本研究开发并研究了一种新型板材复合材料，其包括木质纤维素基材（如麦秸）、真菌菌丝体以及嵌入细菌孢子的聚丙烯。发现嵌入聚合物中的细菌孢子即使在热暴露后仍具有活力，有助于提高聚合物与亲水性微生物的相容性。在用包括麦秸和嵌入来自[此处原文缺失相关内容]孢子的聚丙烯的混合物培养大型真菌后，获得了基于真菌的生物聚合物复合材料。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和光学显微镜图像显示真菌菌丝体以密集的丝状网络覆盖基材。所得生物材料安全、惰性、可再生、天然、可生物降解，并且可以模制成所需形状。与聚苯乙烯相比，真菌生物复合材料具有相似的抗压强度和改善的隔热能力，具有作为建筑领域应用的隔热材料的高潜力。
