添加荨麻（L.）或胡芦巴（L.）的日粮对特尔蒙德白兔屠宰后性状和肉质参数的影响。
Effect of a Diet Supplemented with Nettle ( L.) or Fenugreek ( L.) on the Post-Slaughter Traits and Meat Quality Parameters of Termond White Rabbits.
作者信息
Pałka Sylwia Ewa, Otwinowska-Mindur Agnieszka, Migdał Łukasz, Kmiecik Michał, Wojtysiak Dorota
机构信息
Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2021 May 27;11(6):1566. doi: 10.3390/ani11061566.
The purpose of the study was to analyse the effect of nettle ( L.) leaves and fenugreek ( L.) seeds as additives to fodder in order to improve post-slaughter traits and quality parameters of Termond White rabbit meat (n = 60; 30♂, 30♀). Three experimental groups were created. The control group (n = 20; 10♂ and 10♀) was fed ad libitum feed containing corn, bran, wheat, dried alfalfa, soybean meal, sunflower meal, dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate and vitamin-mineral premix. The animals from the first experimental group (n = 20; 10♂ and 10♀) were fed a complete mixture added with 1% of nettle ( L.) leaves. Rabbits from the second group (n = 20; 10♂ and 10♀) were fed with a complete mixture added with 1% of fenugreek ( L.) seeds. Rabbits fed with pellets with the addition of nettle were characterized by a higher slaughter weight, higher weight of hot and cold carcasses, lungs, kidneys and head as well as a higher weight of the fore, middle and hind part of the carcass compared to the other two groups. The carcasses of animals fed with fenugreek and nettle had a higher percentage of the fore and hind parts compared to the carcasses of the animals from the control group. The female carcasses were characterized by a significantly higher percentage of the middle part compared to the male carcasses. For most colour measurement traits, the differences depending on the feeding regime were significant. The effect of gender on meat colour was non significant. The effect of feeding regime and of gender on texture traits such as shear force, hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness were non significant. Feeding had no effect on muscle fibre diameter, but it affected the muscle fibre type I percentage. Thus, the group fed with pellets containing nettle leaves had higher percentage of type I muscle fibres than the control group. The effect of gender on muscle fibre traits was non significant.
本研究的目的是分析荨麻叶和胡芦巴籽作为饲料添加剂对改善特尔蒙德白兔（n = 60；30♂，30♀）屠宰后性状和肉质参数的影响。设立了三个实验组。对照组（n = 20；10♂和10♀）自由采食含有玉米、麸皮、小麦、干苜蓿、豆粕、向日葵粕、磷酸二钙、碳酸钙和维生素 - 矿物质预混料的饲料。第一实验组（n = 20；10♂和10♀）的动物喂食添加了1%荨麻叶的全价混合料。第二组（n = 20；10♂和10♀）的兔子喂食添加了1%胡芦巴籽的全价混合料。与其他两组相比，喂食添加荨麻颗粒的兔子具有更高的屠宰体重、更高的热胴体和冷胴体重量、肺、肾和头部重量以及胴体前、中、后部分的更高重量。与对照组动物的胴体相比，喂食胡芦巴和荨麻的动物的胴体前、后部分比例更高。雌性胴体的中部比例显著高于雄性胴体。对于大多数颜色测量性状，取决于饲养方式的差异是显著的。性别对肉色的影响不显著。饲养方式和性别对剪切力、硬度、弹性、内聚性和咀嚼性等质地性状的影响不显著。饲养对肌纤维直径没有影响，但影响了I型肌纤维百分比。因此，喂食含荨麻叶颗粒的组比对照组具有更高比例的I型肌纤维。性别对肌纤维性状的影响不显著。
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