Zhang Qian, Ta Na, Zhang Jize, Liu Xiaozhen, Ding He, Zhang Xiaoqing
Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Efficient Forage Production Mode Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010010, China.
Anim Nutr. 2025 Mar 6;21:279-291. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2025.01.006. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Nettle is not only a nutrient-rich forage but also possesses the potential to act as a nutritional and physiological regulator. This study investigated the effects of supplementing nettle hay into the total mixed rations (TMR) on milk yield, milk composition, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and plasma metabolome in dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows with similar days in milk (102 ± 8 d), milk production (39 ± 3 kg/d), milk fat (3.78 ± 0.55%), and milk protein (3.24 ± 0.28%) were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments: a control group (AH group, = 10) receiving a TMR with 10.5% alfalfa hay and a nettle group (NH group, = 10) receiving a TMR with 10.5% nettle hay. The experiment lasted for 80 d, including a 20 d pre-feeding period. Milk yield and overall composition remained consistent across the groups. However, the NH group exhibited a significant decrease in milk aspartic acid ( = 0.025) and a concomitant increase in arginine ( = 0.031). Nettle supplementation significantly reduced blood aspartate aminotransferase levels ( = 0.005) and improved antioxidant status, as evidenced by a higher total antioxidant capacity ( = 0.039) and total superoxide dismutase activity ( = 0.016), along with lower malondialdehyde ( = 0.018). The metabolome analysis identified 1143 differential metabolites using the positive ionization mode and 1253 differential metabolites using the negative ionization mode. KEGG analysis revealed significant enrichment of differential metabolites in arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and amino acid metabolism pathways. Lysophosphatidylcholines and enterolactone displayed a significant negative correlation with blood aspartate aminotransferase levels ( < -0.5, < 0.05) and interleukin-6 levels ( < -0.5, < 0.05). In conclusion, nettle supplementation significantly influenced the immune and antioxidant capacities of dairy cows by altering the blood metabolome profile. Lysophosphatidylcholines and enterolactone are proposed as potential biomarkers for evaluating the physiological and immune effects of nettle supplementation. Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these effects and optimize the feeding regimen for optimal outcomes.
荨麻不仅是一种营养丰富的草料，还具有作为营养和生理调节剂的潜力。本研究调查了在全混合日粮（TMR）中添加荨麻干草对奶牛产奶量、乳成分、抗氧化能力、免疫功能和血浆代谢组的影响。将20头产奶天数相近（102±8天）、产奶量（39±3千克/天）、乳脂肪（3.78±0.55%）和乳蛋白（3.24±0.28%）的经产荷斯坦奶牛随机分为两种日粮处理组：对照组（AH组，n = 10），饲喂含10.5%苜蓿干草的TMR；荨麻组（NH组，n = 10），饲喂含10.5%荨麻干草的TMR。试验持续80天，包括20天的预饲期。各组的产奶量和总体成分保持一致。然而，NH组的乳天冬氨酸显著降低（P = 0.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2012-4-26
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