Murono Shigeyuki
Department of Otolaryngology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
Microorganisms. 2021 May 27;9(6):1150. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9061150.
Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is known to be associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Pre-treatment and post-treatment detection of plasma cell-free EBV DNA has been shown to be useful as a diagnostic as well as a prognostic factor in NPC. On the other hand, the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasing. In contrast to cervical cancer, which is classically known to be an HPV-associated malignancy, HPV testing is not clinically applied for OPC, except for p16 immunostaining as a surrogate marker of HPV infection. One of the major characteristics of HPV-associated OPC is its association with a good prognosis compared with non-HPV-associated OPC. However, some patients still have a poor prognosis. Another characteristic of HPV-associated OPC is the distinct risk factor of high sexual activity. Establishing a biomarker for the prediction of the prognosis before and/or after initial treatment, as well as for diagnosis in populations at high risk, is of marked interest. With this background, HPV DNA detection in plasma and oral rinses has become an area of focus. In this review, the current significance of HPV DNA detection in plasma and oral rinse samples, as well as serum HPV antibody levels, is evaluated.
已知鼻咽癌（NPC）与爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）有关。血浆游离EBV DNA的治疗前和治疗后检测已被证明可作为鼻咽癌的诊断和预后因素。另一方面，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）相关的口咽癌（OPC）发病率正在上升。与经典的HPV相关恶性肿瘤宫颈癌不同，除了将p16免疫染色作为HPV感染的替代标志物外，HPV检测在临床上并未应用于口咽癌。与非HPV相关的口咽癌相比，HPV相关口咽癌的主要特征之一是其预后良好。然而，一些患者的预后仍然很差。HPV相关口咽癌的另一个特征是高性行为这一独特的危险因素。建立一种生物标志物用于预测初始治疗前后的预后以及用于高危人群的诊断，具有显著意义。在此背景下，血浆和漱口液中HPV DNA的检测已成为一个关注领域。在这篇综述中，评估了血浆和漱口液样本中HPV DNA检测以及血清HPV抗体水平的当前意义。
