Epidemiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Graduate Studies Program in Public Health Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jun 1;21(1):512. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06227-z.
Migrants are a high priority group for TB control measures due to their high exposure to risk factors such as poverty and social vulnerability. The study aimed to identify factors associated with latent TB among international migrants living in four Brazilian state capitals. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in September and October 2020 in a sample of 903 international migrants living in four Brazilian state capitals: Boa Vista/RR (458), Manaus/AM (136), São Paulo/SP (257), and Curitiba/PR (52). Data were collected with a questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions on personal characteristics, information on TB, and use of preventive measures. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was performed, with reading after 72 h by trained nurses and using 5 mm induration as the positive cutoff. Chi-square test (X) and Fisher's exact test, both two-tailed, were used to compare statistically significant levels of association between the migrants´ sociodemographic characteristics, vulnerability, and latent TB infection (LTBI). Binary logistic regression was applied to calculate odds ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals. For all the tests, type I error of 5% was defined as statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Prevalence of LTBI among migrants was 46.1% in Manaus/AM, 33.3% in São Paulo/SP, 28.1% in Curitiba/PR, and 23.5% in Boa Vista/RR. Factors associated with latent infection were age, male gender, and brown or indigenous race.
The study showed high prevalence of latent TB among international migrants.
由于移民面临贫困和社会脆弱等诸多风险因素，他们是结核病控制措施的重点关注群体。本研究旨在确定居住在巴西四个州府的国际移民中与潜伏性结核病相关的因素。这是一项横断面研究，于 2020 年 9 月至 10 月在居住在巴西四个州府的 903 名国际移民中进行：博阿维斯塔/ RR（458）、玛瑙斯/ AM（136）、圣保罗/ SP（257）和库里蒂巴/ PR（52）。数据通过问卷收集，问卷包括个人特征、结核病信息和预防措施使用的开放式和封闭式问题。进行结核菌素皮肤试验（TST），由经过培训的护士在 72 小时后进行读数，并使用 5 毫米硬结作为阳性截断值。使用卡方检验（X）和 Fisher 确切检验（双侧）比较移民的社会人口统计学特征、脆弱性和潜伏性结核病感染（LTBI）之间具有统计学意义的关联水平。应用二项逻辑回归计算比值比和相应的 95%置信区间。对于所有检验，将 5%的Ⅰ类错误定义为具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。
在玛瑙斯/ AM 中 LTBI 的患病率为 46.1%，在圣保罗/ SP 中为 33.3%，在库里蒂巴/ PR 中为 28.1%，在博阿维斯塔/ RR 中为 23.5%。与潜伏感染相关的因素是年龄、男性和棕色或土著种族。
本研究表明国际移民中潜伏性结核病的患病率较高。
