Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
Yale College, New Haven, CT, United States.
Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2021;361:1-20. doi: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.02.001. Epub 2021 May 13.
The Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducer of activation (STAT) pathway, discovered by investigating interferon gene induction, is now recognized as an evolutionary conserved signaling pathway employed by diverse cytokines, interferons, growth factors, and related molecules. Since its discovery, this pathway has become a paradigm for membrane-to-nucleus signaling and explains how a broad range of soluble factors such as cytokines and hormones, mediate their diverse functions. The understanding of JAK-STAT signaling in the intestine has not only impacted basic science research, particularly in the understanding of intercellular communication and cell-extrinsic control of gene expression, but it has also become a prototype for transition of bench to bedside research, culminating in the clinical implementation of pathway-specific therapeutics.
Janus 激酶（JAK）-信号转导子和转录激活子（STAT）通路是在研究干扰素基因诱导时发现的，现已被认为是一种进化保守的信号通路，被各种细胞因子、干扰素、生长因子和相关分子所采用。自发现以来，该通路已成为膜到核信号转导的范例，解释了广泛的可溶性因子（如细胞因子和激素）如何发挥其多种功能。对肠道中 JAK-STAT 信号转导的理解不仅影响了基础科学研究，特别是在细胞间通讯和细胞外基因表达调控的理解方面，而且还成为了从基础研究到临床应用的范例，最终导致了针对该通路的特异性治疗方法的临床应用。
