Farrell P M, Gutcher G R, Palta M, DeMets D
Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Aug;48(2):220-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/48.2.220.
To better characterize essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency in neonates, we assessed 63 premature infants by serial determinations of plasma fatty acids for the level of linoleic acid, the presence of an abnormal trienoic acid (5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid [20:3 omega 9]), and the ratio of this compound to arachidonic acid, ie, the triene-tetraene ratio. The data indicated that at age 7 d, 67% of these infants had low plasma linoleic acid levels, 62% showed readily detectable 20:3 omega 9, and 44% had a high triene-tetraene ratio. Infants fed by age 2 d had a normal mean linoleate level at 7 d and none showed detectable 20:3 omega 9 by 10 d. In contrast, infants who were not fed until 7 d showed a very high incidence of abnormal fatty acid status. By maintaining a daily record of linoleate intake, we calculated from regression models that the average amount required to achieve normal fatty acid nutrition was 1.19 g.kg-1.d-1.
为了更好地描述新生儿必需脂肪酸（EFA）缺乏的情况，我们通过连续测定血浆脂肪酸来评估63名早产儿，检测指标包括亚油酸水平、异常三烯酸（5,8,11-二十碳三烯酸[20:3 ω9]）的存在情况以及该化合物与花生四烯酸的比值，即三烯-四烯比值。数据表明，在7日龄时，这些婴儿中有67%的血浆亚油酸水平较低，62%可检测到20:3 ω9，44%的三烯-四烯比值较高。在2日龄前开始喂养的婴儿在7日龄时平均亚油酸水平正常，到10日龄时无一例可检测到20:3 ω9。相比之下，直到7日龄才开始喂养的婴儿脂肪酸状态异常的发生率非常高。通过每日记录亚油酸摄入量，我们根据回归模型计算出实现正常脂肪酸营养所需的平均量为1.19 g·kg-1·d-1。
