Whittet H B, Hayward A W, Battersby E
Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, London.
Anaesthesia. 1988 Jun;43(6):439-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1988.tb06626.x.
Plasma lignocaine levels were measured at 5, 10 and 15 minutes following local application (4 mg/kg) to the upper airway in children who underwent endoscopy under general anaesthesia. These levels were then correlated with the appearance of the moistness of the airway mucosa secondary to premedication with atropine. This latter assessment was carried out by one anaesthetist who used a predetermined scale of 1-5, where 1 was very dry and 5 very wet. Significantly higher (p less than 0.05) plasma levels of lignocaine were achieved when the mucosa was 'very dry' especially in children under 2 years of age. The total dose of lignocaine applied to the upper airway of children should probably be reduced, in the presence of a 'dry' mucosa after effective antisialogogue premedication, and especially when less than 2 years of age.
在全身麻醉下接受内镜检查的儿童中，在上气道局部应用（4mg/kg）后5分钟、10分钟和15分钟测量血浆利多卡因水平。然后将这些水平与阿托品预处理后气道粘膜湿润度的表现相关联。后一项评估由一名麻醉师进行，他使用1-5的预定量表，其中1表示非常干燥，5表示非常湿润。当粘膜“非常干燥”时，尤其是2岁以下的儿童，利多卡因的血浆水平显著更高（p小于0.05）。在有效的抗唾液分泌预处理后，当粘膜“干燥”时，尤其是年龄小于2岁时，应用于儿童上气道的利多卡因总剂量可能应减少。
