Yan Siqi, Huang Shaohong, Yang Zijing, Luo Song, Yang Xiaoxia, He Lidan, Li Jianbo, Que Guoying
Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Clin Epidemiol. 2021 May 25;13:345-355. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S312132. eCollection 2021.
This study aimed to investigate the new development of caries among preschoolers in northern Guangdong and to assess caries-related factors to distinguish groups with different caries risk levels.
Baseline data were recorded for participants from September to November 2019, and participants were reexamined from September to November 2020. A longitudinal observation of 11,973 preschoolers was conducted. The simplified debris index (DI-S) and decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft) index values were obtained for each participant.
Factors associated with whether caries would occur in the future and one-year increase in dmft (Δdmft) included baseline dmft, baseline DI-S, and baseline age. The risk ratio (RR) of caries occurrence and the number of teeth with new-onset caries were 4.482 (95% confidence interval, 4.056-4.957) and 2.945 (2.742-3.165) in the participants with baseline dmft ≥3, which were higher than those with baseline dmft =1 or 2. In the baseline caries-free group, whether caries would occur in the future was related to the baseline DI-S (95% confidence interval, 0.022-0.062). The caries incidence of maxillary central incisors (27.9%) was the highest among teeth of preschoolers without caries at baseline, whereas the caries incidence of mandibular first deciduous molars (42.7%) was the highest among teeth of preschoolers with caries at baseline.
Baseline dmft is a good predictor of future caries. Children with baseline caries-free status, baseline dmft >0, and baseline dmft ≥3 should be treated with preventive interventions of different intensities and frequencies. The occurrence of future caries in baseline caries-free participants is related to oral hygiene status. Measures to prevent caries on smooth surfaces, such as topical fluoridation, should be applied to all preschoolers. Preschoolers with caries at baseline may be given priority for pit and fissure sealing.
本研究旨在调查粤北地区学龄前儿童龋齿的新进展，并评估与龋齿相关的因素，以区分不同龋齿风险水平的群体。
记录2019年9月至11月参与者的基线数据，并于2020年9月至11月对参与者进行复查。对11973名学龄前儿童进行了纵向观察。获取了每位参与者的简化软垢指数（DI-S）和龋失补牙（dmft）指数值。
与未来是否会发生龋齿以及dmft一年增加量（Δdmft）相关的因素包括基线dmft、基线DI-S和基线年龄。基线dmft≥3的参与者中，龋齿发生的风险比（RR）和新发龋齿的牙齿数量分别为4.482（95%置信区间，4.056 - 4.957）和2.945（2.742 - 3.165），高于基线dmft =1或2的参与者。在基线无龋组中，未来是否会发生龋齿与基线DI-S相关（95%置信区间，0.022 - 0.062）。在基线无龋的学龄前儿童中，上颌中切牙的龋齿发生率（27.9%）最高，而在基线有龋的学龄前儿童中，下颌第一乳磨牙的龋齿发生率（42.7%）最高。
基线dmft是未来龋齿的良好预测指标。基线无龋、基线dmft >0和基线dmft≥3的儿童应接受不同强度和频率的预防性干预。基线无龋参与者未来龋齿的发生与口腔卫生状况有关。应将预防光滑面龋齿的措施，如局部用氟，应用于所有学龄前儿童。基线有龋的学龄前儿童可优先进行窝沟封闭。
