Kitanosono Taku, Kobayashi Shu
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
ACS Cent Sci. 2021 May 26;7(5):739-747. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00045. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
There is a growing awareness of the underlying power of catalytic reactions in water that is not limited to innate sustainability alone. Some Type III reactions are catalytically accelerated without dissolution of reactants and are occasionally highly selective, as shown by comparison with the corresponding reactions run in organic solvents or under solvent-free conditions. Such catalysts are highly diversified, including hydrophilic, lipophilic, and even solid catalysts. In this Outlook, we highlight the impressive characteristics of illustrative catalysis that is exerted despite the immiscibility of the substrates and reveal the intrinsic benefits of these enigmatic reactions for synthetic organic chemistry, albeit with many details remaining unclear. We hope that this brief introduction to the expanding field of synthetic organic "aquachemistry" will inspire organic chemists to use the platform to invent new transformations.
人们越来越意识到水中催化反应的潜在力量，这种力量不仅限于其固有的可持续性。一些III型反应在反应物不溶解的情况下催化加速，并且偶尔具有高度选择性，与在有机溶剂中或无溶剂条件下进行的相应反应相比即可看出。此类催化剂种类繁多，包括亲水性、亲脂性甚至固体催化剂。在本展望中，我们强调了尽管底物互不相溶但仍能发挥作用的典型催化反应的惊人特性，并揭示了这些神秘反应对合成有机化学的内在益处，尽管许多细节仍不清楚。我们希望对不断扩展的合成有机“水化学”领域的这一简要介绍能激发有机化学家利用该平台发明新的转化反应。
