Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2021 Jul;126:112127. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112127. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Hemodialysis considered as therapy of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) for the separation of protein and uremic toxins based on their molecular weights using semi-permeable membranes. Cellulose Acetate (CA) hemodialysis membrane has been widely used in the biomedical field particularly for hemodialysis applications. The main issue of CA membrane is less selectivity and hemocompatibility. In this study, to enhance the filtration capability and biocompatibility of CA hemodialysis membrane modified by using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) as additives. CA-PVA flat sheet membranes were cast by phase inversion method, and separation was done by dead-end filtration cell. The synthesized membranes were described in terms of chemical structure using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), pure water flux, solute permeation, and protein retention. Biocompatibility of the membranes was tested by the platelet adherence, hemolysis ratio, thrombus formation, and plasma recalcification time. SEM images exposed that the CA-PVA membrane has a uniform porous structure. 42.484 L/m h is the maximum pure water flux obtained. The CA-PVA rejected up to 95% of bovine serum albumin (BSA). A similar membrane separated 93% of urea and 89% of creatinine. Platelet adhesion and hemolysis ratio of casted membranes were less than the pure CA membrane. Increased clotting time and less thrombus formation on the membrane's surface showed that the fabricated membrane is biocompatible. CA-PVA hemodialysis membranes are more efficient than conventional reported hemodialysis membranes. It revealed that CA-PVA is high performing biocompatible hemodialysis membrane.
血液透析被认为是终末期肾病（ESRD）的治疗方法，它基于半透膜根据分子量分离蛋白质和尿毒症毒素。醋酸纤维素（CA）血液透析膜已广泛应用于生物医学领域，特别是在血液透析应用中。CA 膜的主要问题是选择性和血液相容性较低。在这项研究中，使用聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚乙二醇（PEG）作为添加剂来修饰 CA 血液透析膜，以提高其过滤能力和生物相容性。通过相转化法制备 CA-PVA 平板膜，并通过死端过滤池进行分离。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、纯水通量、溶质渗透和蛋白质截留来描述合成的膜。通过血小板黏附、溶血率、血栓形成和血浆再钙化时间测试来评估膜的生物相容性。SEM 图像表明，CA-PVA 膜具有均匀的多孔结构。获得的最大纯水通量为 42.484 L/m h。CA-PVA 膜可截留高达 95%的牛血清白蛋白（BSA）。类似的膜分离了 93%的尿素和 89%的肌酸酐。与纯 CA 膜相比，铸膜的血小板黏附和溶血率较低。增加的凝血时间和在膜表面形成的血栓较少表明所制备的膜具有生物相容性。CA-PVA 血液透析膜比传统报道的血液透析膜更有效。这表明 CA-PVA 是一种高性能的生物相容血液透析膜。
