Open tibial fractures treated with Hoffmann external fixation.

Thirty-two open fractures of the tibial shaft were treated with external fixation between 1973 and 1981. Early amputation was necessary in one patient. In the remainder, including 14 with extensive soft-tissue lesions, wound healing was obtained within 18 weeks, and the median time until full weight bearing without pain was 32 weeks (range 8-60 weeks). Two deep infections healed during the observation period. Among 26 patients examined 1-9 years after the injury, the result was excellent in six, good in 11, fair in four, and poor in five patients (including the amputation). One fracture had not united during the observation period. Four poor results were due to the stiffness of the ankle and foot after compartment syndrome. In conclusion, alertness for early fasciotomy is necessary even in severe open tibial fractures. The external fixation should not be continued longer than the soft tissue and bone reconstruction make it necessary.