Nerve Regeneration Group, IBMC- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2021 Jul;78(13):5371-5379. doi: 10.1007/s00018-021-03867-x. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
The identification of the membrane periodic skeleton (MPS), composed of a periodic lattice of actin rings interconnected by spectrin tetramers, was enabled by the development of super-resolution microscopy, and brought a new exciting perspective to our view of neuronal biology. This exquisite cytoskeleton arrangement plays an important role on mechanisms regulating neuronal (dys)function. The MPS was initially thought to provide mainly for axonal mechanical stability. Since its discovery, the importance of the MPS in multiple aspects of neuronal biology has, however, emerged. These comprise its capacity to act as a signaling platform, regulate axon diameter-with important consequences on the efficiency of axonal transport and electrophysiological properties- participate in the assembly and function of the axon initial segment, and control axon microtubule stability. Recently, MPS disassembly has also surfaced as an early player in the course of axon degeneration. Here, we will discuss the current knowledge on the role of the MPS in axonal physiology and disease.
膜周期骨架（MPS）的鉴定，由肌动蛋白环的周期性晶格组成，这些环通过血影蛋白四聚体相互连接，这得益于超分辨率显微镜的发展，为我们对神经元生物学的认识带来了新的令人兴奋的视角。这种精细的细胞骨架排列在调节神经元（功能障碍）的机制中起着重要作用。MPS 最初被认为主要为轴突提供机械稳定性。自发现以来，MPS 在神经元生物学的多个方面的重要性已经显现出来。这些包括它作为信号平台的能力，调节轴突直径-对轴突运输的效率和电生理特性有重要影响-参与轴突起始段的组装和功能，并控制轴突微管的稳定性。最近，MPS 的解体也成为轴突退化过程中的早期参与者。在这里，我们将讨论 MPS 在轴突生理学和疾病中的作用的最新知识。
