School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and the University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Psychophysiology. 2021 Sep;58(9):e13872. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13872. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Depression and anxiety have been linked with reduced stress-induced cardiovascular reactivity (CVR), which could be indicative of autonomic dysregulation. Less is known about the association between work-related fatigue and CVR. Truck drivers experience high levels of depression, anxiety, and fatigue, with repeated psychophysiological stressors on the road, yet little is known about the effects of these conditions on their CVR. Three hundred eighty six truck drivers completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion/Recovery Scale (OFER-15). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured at rest and during a stressor protocol to measure CVR. Multivariate regression analyses were used to determine relationships between variables and adjusted for nine key covariates. Higher symptoms of persistent fatigue were related to a reduced SBP reactivity (β = -.236, p = .009) and reduced DBP reactivity (β = -.257, p = .005), whereas there was a positive trend between acute fatigue and DBP reactivity (β = .169, p = .052). Higher symptoms of anxiety were related to a reduced SBP reactivity (β = -.164, p = .016). This study demonstrated in a population of truck drivers that both anxiety and persistent fatigue were related to an attenuated SBP reactivity in a combined model, whereas there was a positive trend between acute fatigue solely and DBP reactivity. These novel findings may have serious implications for cardiovascular disease risk in truck drivers, and future research should attempt to establish the causal effect of these associations and the underlying physiological mechanisms.
抑郁和焦虑与应激诱导的心血管反应性（CVR）降低有关，这可能表明自主神经失调。关于与工作相关的疲劳与 CVR 之间的关联，了解较少。卡车司机经历高水平的抑郁、焦虑和疲劳，在路上反复受到心理生理压力源的影响，但对这些情况对其 CVR 的影响知之甚少。386 名卡车司机完成了医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）和职业疲劳衰竭/恢复量表（OFER-15）。在休息和应激源协议期间测量收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）血压和心率（HR）以测量 CVR。使用多元回归分析来确定变量之间的关系，并对九个关键协变量进行了调整。持续疲劳的症状越严重，SBP 反应性降低（β=-.236，p=0.009）和 DBP 反应性降低（β=-.257，p=0.005），而急性疲劳与 DBP 反应性呈正相关（β=0.169，p=0.052）。焦虑症状越严重，SBP 反应性降低（β=-.164，p=0.016）。这项研究在卡车司机人群中表明，焦虑和持续疲劳在综合模型中与 SBP 反应性降低有关，而急性疲劳与 DBP 反应性之间呈正相关趋势。这些新发现可能对卡车司机的心血管疾病风险产生严重影响，未来的研究应尝试确定这些关联的因果效应和潜在的生理机制。
