Department of Mathematical Demography and Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Population Policies and Programmes, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 4;16(6):e0252722. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252722. eCollection 2021.
Despite huge changes in demographic behaviors, the family continues to be the major source of psychosocial support for older adults in India. The loss of household headship can be a cause of disregard for the aged and is associated in a very fundamental way with other status losses. Our study used the two rounds of the India Human Development Survey to understand the association of family structure on the gain or loss status of household headship among 10,527 older adults.
Bivariate analysis was done using the chi-square test for association. Equivalently, the multivariate analysis involved estimating multivariable logistic regression models. Multicollinearity did not affect the estimates from the regression models. For examining headship transition, we performed two complete sets of analysis, by taking gain in headship and loss in headship as the outcome variable respectively.
Across two rounds, a major shift in family structure was noticed as 6.8% of households moved from extended to a single generation. Results indicate that family structure was significantly associated with gaining and losing headship among older adults. Headship loss was more common among nuclear [OR: 2.16; CI: 1.28, 3.65] and extended [OR: 2.76; CI: 1.64, 4.66] family structures. Moreover, gaining headship was found to be significantly associated with married, educated, and working older adults.
Since living in single generation household may preferably be encouraged among older adults than their living in a complex household without headship and value they deserve, the public intervention may support the independent living within the older population through housing policies that create additional choices presented to older adults making residential decisions.
尽管人口行为发生了巨大变化，但家庭仍然是印度老年人获得社会心理支持的主要来源。失去户主地位可能导致老年人被忽视，并且与其他地位丧失有着非常根本的联系。我们的研究使用两轮印度人类发展调查来了解家庭结构对 10527 名老年人户主地位获得或丧失的关联。
使用卡方检验进行关联的双变量分析。同样，多变量分析涉及估计多变量逻辑回归模型。多共线性不会影响回归模型的估计。为了检验户主地位的转变，我们分别进行了两组完整的分析，将获得户主地位和失去户主地位作为因变量。
在两轮调查中，家庭结构发生了重大转变，有 6.8%的家庭从扩展家庭转变为单一代家庭。结果表明，家庭结构与老年人获得和失去户主地位显著相关。在核心[比值比：2.16；置信区间：1.28，3.65]和扩展[比值比：2.76；置信区间：1.64，4.66]家庭结构中，户主地位的丧失更为常见。此外，获得户主地位与已婚、受过教育和有工作的老年人显著相关。
由于与没有户主地位和应得价值的复杂家庭相比，老年人居住在单一代家庭可能更受鼓励，因此公共干预可以通过住房政策支持老年人的独立生活，为老年人做出居住决策提供更多选择。
