Department of Radiology, AUSL Toscana Centro, San Giuseppe Hospital, Empoli, Italy; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Respiratory Medicine Department, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Thorac Oncol. 2021 Sep;16(9):1449-1460. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.05.017. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
Pulmonary immune-related adverse events represent rare but potentially severe side effects of immunotherapies. Diagnosis is often challenging, as symptoms and imaging features are not specific and may mimic other lung diseases, thus potentially delaying appropriate patient management. In this setting, an accurate imaging evaluation is essential for a prompt detection and correct management of these drug-induced lung diseases. The purpose of this article is to review the different types of pulmonary immune-related adverse events, describe their imaging characteristics on both high-resolution computed tomography and positron emission tomography/computed tomography and stress their underlying diagnostic challenge by presenting the mimickers.
肺免疫相关不良事件是免疫治疗罕见但潜在严重的副作用。由于症状和影像学特征不具有特异性，可能与其他肺部疾病相似，从而可能延迟对患者的适当管理，因此诊断通常具有挑战性。在这种情况下，准确的影像学评估对于及时发现和正确管理这些药物引起的肺部疾病至关重要。本文的目的是回顾不同类型的肺免疫相关不良事件，描述它们在高分辨率计算机断层扫描和正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描上的影像学特征，并通过呈现这些疾病的模拟疾病来强调其潜在的诊断挑战。
