Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 May 19;12:662543. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.662543. eCollection 2021.
Thyroid volume (Tvol) is associated with many factors, but the current reference values for Tvol in children with sufficient iodine intake are inappropriate and need to be updated. Moderate changes in thyroid morphology and accentuated increases in body fat percentage occur during puberty as an adaption of the body and sexual development occurs. This study aimed to evaluate the influences of physical growth on Tvol and propose an easily applicable method for conducting Tvol assessments in pubertal girls with sufficient iodine intake. A cohort study was conducted on 481 pubertal girls in East China from 2017 to 2019. B-ultrasound was used to assess Tvol. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of Tvol enlargement (Tvol) with changes in height (H), weight (W), waist circumference (W), body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA). Thyroid volume indexes (TVIs), including height thyroid volume index (HVI), weight and height thyroid volume index (WHVI), body mass index thyroid index (BMIV), and body surface area thyroid index (BSAV), were calculated to explore an appropriate method for Tvol assessments by Spearman correlation analyses.
Tvol, height, weight, BMI, and BSA increased significantly from baseline to follow-up (<0.001). The associations between Tvol and physical growth were only observed in the 13 to 14-year-old group. H, W,BMI, and BSA were positively related to Tvol, with the maximum β of 5.74 (95%CI: 2.54 to 8.94) on BSA, while WC was negatively related to Tvol (β= -0.05, 95%CI: -0.08 to -0.03). Both HVI and BSAV were not associated with H, W, BMI, or BSA in both age groups (>0.05).
Thyroid volume was associated with physical growth in pubertal girls in East China, both age and anthropometric measurements must be comprehensively considered to establish the reference values for Tvol. HVI, and BSAV may be better indicators for Tvol assessments in pubertal girls.
甲状腺体积（Tvol）与许多因素有关，但目前碘摄入充足的儿童 Tvol 的参考值并不合适，需要更新。甲状腺形态的适度变化和体脂百分比的明显增加发生在青春期，这是身体和性发育的适应。本研究旨在评估身体生长对 Tvol 的影响，并提出一种适用于评估碘摄入充足的青春期女孩 Tvol 的简单方法。2017 年至 2019 年，在中国东部进行了一项对 481 名青春期女孩的队列研究。使用 B 超评估 Tvol。使用多元线性回归模型估计 Tvol 增大（Tvol）与身高（H）、体重（W）、腰围（WC）、体重指数（BMI）和体表面积（BSA）变化的相关性。计算甲状腺体积指数（TVIs），包括身高甲状腺体积指数（HVI）、体重和身高甲状腺体积指数（WHVI）、体重指数甲状腺指数（BMIV）和体表面积甲状腺指数（BSAV），通过 Spearman 相关分析探讨 Tvol 评估的合适方法。
Tvol、身高、体重、BMI 和 BSA 从基线到随访均显著增加（<0.001）。Tvol 与身体生长的相关性仅在 13 至 14 岁组中观察到。H、W、BMI 和 BSA 与 Tvol 呈正相关，BSA 的最大β值为 5.74（95%CI：2.54 至 8.94），而 WC 与 Tvol 呈负相关（β= -0.05，95%CI：-0.08 至-0.03）。在两个年龄组中，HVI 和 BSAV 均与 H、W、BMI 或 BSA 无关（>0.05）。
甲状腺体积与中国东部青春期女孩的身体生长有关，在建立 Tvol 的参考值时必须综合考虑年龄和人体测量学指标。HVI 和 BSAV 可能是评估青春期女孩 Tvol 的更好指标。
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