在资源有限的情况下,全外显子组测序和靶向 panel 对免疫固有性错误识别的临床应用。

Clinical Utility of Whole Exome Sequencing and Targeted Panels for the Identification of Inborn Errors of Immunity in a Resource-Constrained Setting.

机构信息

SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Immunology Unit, Division of Medical Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2021 May 21;12:665621. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665621. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are inborn errors of immunity (IEI) that cause immune system impairment. To date, more than 400 single-gene IEI have been well defined. The advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has improved clinical diagnosis and allowed for discovery of novel genes and variants associated with IEI. Molecular diagnosis provides clear clinical benefits for patients by altering management, enabling access to certain treatments and facilitates genetic counselling. Here we report on an 8-year experience using two different NGS technologies, namely research-based WES and targeted gene panels, in patients with suspected IEI in the South African healthcare system. A total of 52 patients' had WES only, 26 had a targeted gene panel only, and 2 had both panel and WES. Overall, a molecular diagnosis was achieved in 30% (24/80) of patients. Clinical management was significantly altered in 67% of patients following molecular results. All 24 families with a molecular diagnosis received more accurate genetic counselling and family cascade testing. Results highlight the clinical value of expanded genetic testing in IEI and its relevance to understanding the genetic and clinical spectrum of the IEI-related disorders in Africa. Detection rates under 40% illustrate the complexity and heterogeneity of these disorders, especially in an African population, thus highlighting the need for expanded genomic testing and research to further elucidate this.

摘要

原发性免疫缺陷病(PID)是一种先天性免疫缺陷,可导致免疫系统受损。迄今为止,已有 400 多种单基因免疫缺陷得到明确界定。下一代测序(NGS)技术的出现改善了临床诊断,并发现了与免疫缺陷相关的新基因和变体。分子诊断通过改变管理方式,为患者提供了明确的临床获益,使他们能够获得某些治疗方法,并促进了遗传咨询。在这里,我们报告了在南非医疗保健系统中,使用两种不同的 NGS 技术(即基于研究的 WES 和靶向基因panel)对疑似免疫缺陷患者进行检测的 8 年经验。共有 52 名患者仅进行了 WES 检测,26 名患者仅进行了靶向基因panel 检测,2 名患者同时进行了 panel 和 WES 检测。总的来说,30%(24/80)的患者获得了分子诊断。分子检测结果改变了 67%患者的临床管理。所有 24 个具有分子诊断的家庭都获得了更准确的遗传咨询和家族级联检测。研究结果突出了扩大基因检测在免疫缺陷中的临床价值,以及其对了解非洲免疫缺陷相关疾病的遗传和临床谱的相关性。不到 40%的检出率说明了这些疾病的复杂性和异质性,尤其是在非洲人群中,因此需要进行扩展的基因组检测和研究,以进一步阐明这一点。

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