Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London, London, UK.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2022 Jan;95(1):169-185. doi: 10.1007/s00420-021-01717-8. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
Given current discussions about extending working lives, more knowledge is needed on working conditions associated with labour market status in older age.
To explore associations between combinations of job demands and job control among workers aged 55-64 years and their labour market status 11 years later.
A population-based prospective cohort study using nationwide register data. The 616,818 individuals in Sweden aged 55-64 who in 2001 were in paid work were categorised using a job exposure matrix based on tertiles (reference = medium control/medium demands). Participants were followed up in 2012 regarding their main labour market status (paid work, old-age pension, no income/social assistance, sickness absence/disability pension, emigrated, dead; reference = old-age pension) using multinomial logistic regression for odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The fully adjusted analyses included adjustment for sociodemographic factors and unemployment or sickness absence/disability pension for more than half the year in 2001.
Those in occupations with low job control at baseline were less likely to be in paid work at follow-up (OR low demands/low control 0.74, CI 0.71-0.78; high demands/low control 0.81, CI 0.75-0.87). Those in occupations with baseline high demands were less likely to have no income/social assistance at follow-up (OR high demands/low control 0.71, CI 0.52-0.96; high demands/high control 0.59, CI 0.47-0.75).
Job demands and control when aged 55-64 were associated with labour market status 11 years later: high control was associated with greater chance of being in paid work, and high demands were associated with lower risk of no income/social assistance.
鉴于当前关于延长工作寿命的讨论，我们需要更多了解与老年劳动力市场地位相关的工作条件。
探讨 55-64 岁工人的工作需求和工作控制组合与 11 年后劳动力市场地位之间的关系。
这是一项基于全国登记数据的人群前瞻性队列研究。在瑞典，2001 年处于带薪工作状态的年龄在 55-64 岁的 616818 人，根据工作暴露矩阵，按照三分位数（参考值为中等控制/中等需求）进行分类。使用多项逻辑回归分析，对参与者在 2012 年的主要劳动力市场地位（带薪工作、老年养老金、无收入/社会援助、病假/残疾养老金、移民、死亡；参考值为老年养老金）进行随访，计算比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。完全调整分析包括调整社会人口因素和 2001 年半年以上的失业或病假/残疾养老金。
在基线时工作控制程度较低的人群在随访时更不可能从事有薪工作（低需求/低控制 OR 0.74，CI 0.71-0.78；高需求/低控制 OR 0.81，CI 0.75-0.87）。在基线时需求较高的人群在随访时更不可能没有收入/社会援助（低需求/高控制 OR 0.71，CI 0.52-0.96；高需求/高控制 OR 0.59，CI 0.47-0.75）。
55-64 岁时的工作需求和控制与 11 年后的劳动力市场地位有关：高控制与有更大的机会从事有薪工作有关，而高需求与无收入/社会援助的风险降低有关。
