Martikainen Aleksiina, Alexanderson Kristina, Svedberg Pia, Farrants Kristin
Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Sep 9;25(1):3040. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24425-1.
As populations age, more knowledge is needed on people who extend their working lives. The aim of this study was to explore if prior sickness absence (> 14 days) and/or disability pension (SADP) in mental and/or somatic diagnoses were associated with time until work exit after ages 65-69 and ≥ 70, respectively, among women and men.
This prospective population-based cohort study included all 65-69-year-olds (cohort65, n = 201,263) and ≥ 70-year-olds (cohort70, n = 93,751) who were in paid work in Sweden in 2014. SADP was measured in 2010-2014 as yes/no and categorised by number of days. Work was defined as work income ≥ 75% of the income requirement for SA benefits. Work exits were observed between 2015 and 2018. Linked microdata were analysed using Accelerated Failure Time model to derive Time Ratios (TR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), adjusting for sociodemographic factors and branch of industry, and censoring for death and emigration.
Most individuals had no prior SADP (cohort65: 66.3% women, 75.8% men; cohort70: 96.8% women, 97% men). In both cohorts and sexes, ~ 80% remained in paid work at least some time during follow-up, and ~ 41% worked throughout the follow-up. In cohort65, women with prior mental SADP (TR 0.94; 95%CI 0.93-0.96), and women (0.95; 0.94-0.96) and men (0.94; 0.93-0.95) with prior somatic SADP had marginally shorter time until work exit than individuals of the same sex without the corresponding SADP. Prior SA was generally not associated with work exit in cohort70.
Neither mental nor somatic SADP was strongly associated with time until work exit.
随着人口老龄化，对于延长工作寿命的人群需要更多了解。本研究的目的是探讨在65 - 69岁及≥70岁的女性和男性中，先前精神和/或躯体诊断的病假缺勤（>14天）和/或残疾抚恤金（SADP）是否分别与工作退出时间相关。
这项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究纳入了2014年在瑞典从事有薪工作的所有65 - 69岁（队列65，n = 201,263）和≥70岁（队列70，n = 93,751）的人群。2010 - 2014年测量SADP为是/否，并按天数分类。工作定义为工作收入≥SA福利收入要求的75%。在2015年至2018年期间观察工作退出情况。使用加速失效时间模型分析关联的微观数据，以得出时间比（TR）和95%置信区间（95%CI），并对社会人口学因素和行业分支进行调整，对死亡和移民进行截尾。
大多数个体之前没有SADP（队列65：女性66.3%，男性75.8%；队列70：女性96.8%，男性97%）。在两个队列和两性中，约80%的人在随访期间至少有一段时间从事有薪工作，约41%的人在整个随访期间都工作。在队列65中，先前有精神SADP的女性（TR 0.94；95%CI 0.93 - 0.96），以及先前有躯体SADP的女性（0.95；0.94 - 0.96）和男性（0.94；0.93 - 0.96），与没有相应SADP的同性个体相比，工作退出时间略短。在队列70中，先前的病假缺勤通常与工作退出无关。
精神和躯体SADP均与工作退出时间没有强烈关联。
