Sasser Jeri, Oshri Assaf, Duprey Erinn B, Doane Leah D, Peltz Jack S
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, 105 Foster Rd, Athens, GA, 30606, USA.
J Adolesc. 2021 Jul;90:32-44. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.05.010. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Adverse parenting is associated with sleep problems in adolescence, including sleep quality, inadequate sleep, and daytime sleepiness. Adolescents who experience sleep problems are at greater risk for developing internalizing and externalizing problems. However, research on the intervening role of sleep in the link between adverse parenting and youth psychopathology remains limited. The present study aimed to examine the indirect effects of adverse parenting on youth internalizing and externalizing psychopathology via sleep problems, and to examine the moderating role of gender in associations between parenting and sleep.
Participants were 101 low-income youth aged 9-12 (52.5% female; 75.2% African-American) and their primary caregivers. Families were from a non-metropolitan region in the Southeastern United States. Data were collected at two time points (T1; M = 10.28, SD = 1.2; T2; M = 12.08, SD = 1.2). Adverse parenting was measured at T1, youth-reported sleep problems (inadequacy, disturbance) and daytime sleepiness were assessed at T2, and parent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms were measured at T2.
Daytime sleepiness served as an intervening variable in associations between adverse parenting and internalizing and externalizing problems, but sleep problems did not. This indirect association was moderated by gender, such that the association between adverse parenting and daytime sleepiness only emerged as significant for girls.
These findings suggest that daytime-related sleep behaviors may serve as a mechanism through which harsh or neglectful parenting is related to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in adolescence, particularly for adolescent girls.
不良养育方式与青少年睡眠问题有关，包括睡眠质量、睡眠不足和日间嗜睡。经历睡眠问题的青少年出现内化和外化问题的风险更高。然而，关于睡眠在不良养育方式与青少年心理病理学之间的联系中所起的中介作用的研究仍然有限。本研究旨在探讨不良养育方式通过睡眠问题对青少年内化和外化心理病理学产生的间接影响，并考察性别在养育方式与睡眠之间的关联中所起的调节作用。
研究参与者为101名年龄在9至12岁的低收入青少年（52.5%为女性；75.2%为非裔美国人）及其主要照顾者。这些家庭来自美国东南部的一个非大都市地区。在两个时间点（T1；M = 10.28，标准差 = 1.2；T2；M = 12.08，标准差 = 1.2）收集数据。在T1测量不良养育方式，在T2评估青少年报告的睡眠问题（不足、干扰）和日间嗜睡情况，在T2测量家长报告的内化和外化症状。
日间嗜睡在不良养育方式与内化和外化问题之间的关联中起到了中介变量的作用，但睡眠问题没有。这种间接关联受到性别的调节，即不良养育方式与日间嗜睡之间的关联仅在女孩中显著。
这些发现表明，与日间相关的睡眠行为可能是一种机制，通过这种机制，严厉或忽视型养育方式与青少年期的内化和外化心理病理学相关，尤其是对青少年女孩而言。
