Department of Epidemiology (FA40), Unit of Lifestyle Medicine in Obesity and Diabetes, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30 001, 9700, RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Department of Endocrinology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021 Jun 7;18(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s12966-021-01141-8.
We investigated associations between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) at different intensities (moderate and vigorous or moderate-to-vigorous) and prospective weight gain in non-obese people. We also examined whether these associations were independent of other lifestyle factors and changes in muscle mass and whether they were age-dependent and changed over a person's life course.
The data were extracted from the Lifelines cohort study (N = 52,498; 43.5% men) and excluded obese individuals (BMI > 30 kg/m). We used the validated SQUASH questionnaire to estimate moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA; MET≥4), moderate (MPA; MET between 4 and 6.5) and vigorous PA (VPA; MET≥6.5). Body weight was objectively measured, and changes were standardized to a 4-year period. Separate analyses, adjusted for age, educational level, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption and changes in creatinine excretion (a marker of muscle mass), were performed for men and women.
The average weight gain was + 0.45 ± 0.03 kg in women. Relative to each reference groups (No-MVPA, No-MPA and No-VPA), MVPA (Beta (95%CI): - 0.34 kg (- 0.56;-0.13)), MPA (- 0.32 kg (- 0.54;-0.10)) and VPA (- 0.30 kg (- 0.43;-0.18)) were associated with less gain in body weight in women after adjusting for potential confounders, described above. These associations were dose-dependent when physically active individuals were divided in tertiles. Beta-coefficients (95%CI) for the lowest, middle, and highest MVPA tertiles relative to the 'No-MVPA' were, respectively, - 0.24 (- 0.47;-0.02), - 0.31 (- 0.53;-0.08), and - 0.38 (- 0.61;-0.16) kg. The average weight gain in men was + 0.13 ± 0.03 kg, and only VPA, not MPA was associated with less body weight gain. Beta-coefficients (95%CI) for the VPA tertiles relative to the 'No-VPA' group were, respectively, - 0.25 (- 0.42;-0.09), - 0.19 (- 0.38;-0.01) and - 0.20 (- 0.38;-0.02) kg. However, after adjusting for potential confounders, the association was no longer significant in men. The potential benefits of leisure-time PA were age-stratified and mainly observed in younger adults (men < 35 years) or stronger with younger age (women < 55 years).
Higher leisure-time MVPA, MPA, and VPA were associated with less weight gain in women < 55 years. In younger men (< 35 years), only VPA was associated with less weight gain.
我们研究了不同强度（适度和剧烈或适度至剧烈）的休闲时间体力活动（LTPA）与非肥胖人群的前瞻性体重增加之间的关系。我们还研究了这些关联是否独立于其他生活方式因素以及肌肉质量的变化，以及它们是否与年龄有关，并且是否随着个人的生命历程而变化。
数据来自 Lifelines 队列研究（N=52498；43.5%为男性），排除了肥胖个体（BMI>30kg/m）。我们使用经过验证的 SQUASH 问卷来估计适度至剧烈（MVPA；MET≥4）、适度（MPA；MET 在 4 到 6.5 之间）和剧烈体力活动（VPA；MET≥6.5）。体重是通过客观测量的，变化被标准化为 4 年的时间段。对男性和女性分别进行了单独的分析，这些分析针对年龄、教育水平、饮食、吸烟、饮酒以及肌酐排泄变化（肌肉质量的标志物）进行了调整。
女性的平均体重增加为+0.45±0.03kg。与每个参考组（无-MVPA、无-MPA 和无-VPA）相比，MVPA（β（95%CI）：-0.34kg（-0.56；-0.13））、MPA（-0.32kg（-0.54；-0.10））和 VPA（-0.30kg（-0.43；-0.18））与女性体重增加较少有关，调整了上述潜在混杂因素后。当将活跃的个体分为三分位数时，这些关联是剂量依赖性的。相对于“无-MVPA”，最低、中间和最高 MVPA 三分位数的β系数（95%CI）分别为-0.24（-0.47；-0.02）、-0.31（-0.53；-0.08）和-0.38（-0.61；-0.16）kg。男性的平均体重增加为+0.13±0.03kg，只有 VPA，而不是 MPA，与体重增加较少有关。VPA 三分位组相对于“无-VPA”组的β系数（95%CI）分别为-0.25（-0.42；-0.09）、-0.19（-0.38；-0.01）和-0.20（-0.38；-0.02）kg。然而，在调整了潜在混杂因素后，这种关联在男性中不再显著。休闲时间 PA 的潜在益处是按年龄分层的，主要在年轻成年人（男性<35 岁）中观察到，或者在年轻人中更强（女性<55 岁）。
较高的休闲时间 MVPA、MPA 和 VPA 与 55 岁以下女性的体重增加较少有关。在较年轻的男性（<35 岁）中，只有 VPA 与体重增加较少有关。
