Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
ANZ J Surg. 2021 Jul;91(7-8):1582-1587. doi: 10.1111/ans.16990. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
Gender-specific risk factors have been suggested to promote a fourfold higher incidence of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) in male as compared to female patients. However, in recent decades there has been an apparent shift towards an increasing prevalence of PSD in women, as body weight and other risk factors influence the disease. We aimed at determining whether PSD prevalence actually changed in men and women over time.
Following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO ID: 42016051588), databases were systematically searched. Papers reporting on PSD published between 1833 and 2018 in English, French, German, Italian and Spanish containing precise numbers of male and female participants were selected for analysis. Gender-specific prevalence of PSD over several decades was the main outcome measure.
We screened 679 studies reporting on 104 055 patients and found that the male/female ratio in patients with PSD has remained constant over time, with women being affected in about 20% of all PSD cases (I = 96.18%; meta-regression p < 0.001).
While the prevalence of PSD has risen over the past decades, the ratio between affected males and affected females has remained constant, with women invariably representing about 20% of patients despite wide ranging socioeconomic and behavioural changes.
有研究表明，与女性患者相比，男性发生藏毛窦疾病（PSD）的风险因素更为特定，其发病率是女性的四倍。然而，近几十年来，由于体重和其他风险因素的影响，PSD 在女性中的患病率呈明显上升趋势。我们旨在确定 PSD 的患病率在男性和女性中是否随时间发生了实际变化。
根据 PRISMA 指南（PROSPERO ID：42016051588），系统地搜索了数据库。选择了发表于 1833 年至 2018 年间、用英文、法文、德文、意大利文和西班牙文撰写的、包含男性和女性参与者确切数量的 PSD 研究论文进行分析。主要观察指标是几十年来 PSD 的性别特异性患病率。
我们筛选了 679 项报告了 104055 例患者的研究，发现 PSD 患者中的男女比例在过去几十年中一直保持不变，女性约占所有 PSD 病例的 20%（I=96.18%；meta 回归 p<0.001）。
尽管过去几十年来 PSD 的患病率有所上升，但男性和女性患者的比例保持不变，尽管社会经济和行为因素发生了广泛变化，女性始终占患者的 20%左右。
