Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicologal Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Oct 10;790:148059. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148059. Epub 2021 May 27.
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a group of synthetic persistent chemicals with distinctive properties, such as a high thermal and chemical stability, that make them suitable for a wide range of applications. They have been produced since the 1950s, resulting in a global contamination of the environment and wildlife. They are resistant to biodegradation and have the tendency to bio-accumulate in organisms and bio-magnify in the food chain. However, little is known about the bioaccumulation of PFAAs in terrestrial invertebrates, including how they affect the physiology and particularly oxidative status. Therefore, we studied the bioaccumulation of PFAAs in snails that were exposed for 3 and 6 weeks along a distance gradient radiating from a well-known fluorochemical hotspot (3M). In addition, we examined the potential effects of PFAAs on the oxidative status of these snails. Finally, we tested for relationships between the concentrations of PFAAs in snails with those in soil and nettles they were feeding on and the influence of soil physicochemical properties on these relationships. Our results showed higher concentrations of PFOA and/or PFOS in almost every matrix at the 3M site, but no concentration gradient along the distance gradient. The PFOS concentrations in snails were related to those in the nettles and soil, and were affected by multiple soil properties. For PFOA, we observed no relationships between soil and biota concentrations. Short-chained PFAAs were dominant in nettles, whereas in soil and snails long-chained PFAAs were dominant. We found a significant positive correlation between peroxidase, catalase and peroxiredoxins and PFAA concentrations, suggesting that snails, in terms of oxidative stress (OS) response, are possibly susceptible to PFAAs pollution. CAPSULE: We observed a positive correlation between the levels of PFAAs and the antioxidants peroxidase, catalase and peroxiredoxins in snails, exposed on nettles grown at contaminated sites.
全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）是一组具有独特性质的合成持久性化学物质，例如高热和化学稳定性，这使得它们适用于广泛的应用。自 20 世纪 50 年代以来，它们已经被生产出来，导致了环境和野生动物的全球性污染。它们不易生物降解，有在生物体内生物积累和在食物链中生物放大的倾向。然而，人们对 PFAAs 在陆地无脊椎动物中的生物积累知之甚少，包括它们如何影响生理，特别是氧化状态。因此，我们研究了在从一个著名的含氟化学热点（3M）辐射的距离梯度上暴露 3 周和 6 周的蜗牛中 PFAAs 的生物积累。此外，我们还研究了 PFAAs 对这些蜗牛氧化状态的潜在影响。最后，我们测试了蜗牛中 PFAAs 浓度与它们所食用的土壤和荨麻中的浓度之间的关系，以及土壤物理化学性质对这些关系的影响。我们的结果表明，在 3M 点，几乎在每个基质中的 PFOA 和/或 PFOS 浓度都较高，但在距离梯度上没有浓度梯度。蜗牛中 PFOS 浓度与荨麻和土壤中的浓度有关，并受多种土壤性质的影响。对于 PFOA，我们没有观察到土壤和生物群之间的关系。短链 PFAAs 在荨麻中占优势，而在土壤和蜗牛中长链 PFAAs 占优势。我们发现过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶之间存在显著的正相关。还原酶和 PFAA 浓度，这表明蜗牛在氧化应激（OS）反应方面可能容易受到 PFAAs 污染的影响。要点：我们观察到在暴露于受污染地点生长的荨麻上的蜗牛中，PFAAs 水平与抗氧化剂过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶之间存在正相关。
