Alchemia-nova GmbH, Institute for Innovative Phytochemistry & Closed Loop Processes, Baumgartenstraße 93, A-1140 Vienna, Austria; Green Building Management SL. C/Carme 45, Local 4, Girona, Spain.
Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Sep 15;294:112968. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112968. Epub 2021 Jun 5.
To counteract increasing water scarcity in the Mediterranean region, this study provides data on the efficiency of a decentralized, nature-based solution for hotel greywater (GW) treatment and reuse. A pilot plant of a constructed wetland called Vertical Ecosystem (vertECO), installed in a large hotel with GW separation, was operated continuously for 12 months. vertECO achieved a removal efficiency higher than 84.0% for COD and TSS and higher than 95.4% for turbidity and BOD. The monitored physicochemical parameters in the effluent meet the requirements for many reuse purposes restricted in the water reuse legislation. Based on the pilot operation, an economic model was set to estimate its economic feasibility (CAPEX, OPEX and payback period of investment) at several treated volumes. The payback was calculated, at the water and energy prices of Spain and other countries, with a planned operation period of 20 years. The higher the water price, the lower was the payback period. Treated GW volumes of 10.5 and 20 m/day correspond to payback periods for Spain of 10.1 years and 9.0 years, respectively. Finally, co-benefits of vertECO have been considered alongside economic terms, and compared with another intensive technology (i.e., membrane bioreactor).
为应对地中海地区日益严重的水资源短缺问题，本研究提供了有关分散式、基于自然的酒店灰水（GW）处理和再利用解决方案效率的数据。在一家设有 GW 分离装置的大型酒店中，连续运行了 12 个月的垂直生态系统（vertECO）造湿地的试点工厂。vertECO 对 COD 和 TSS 的去除效率高于 84.0%，对浊度和 BOD 的去除效率高于 95.4%。出水监测的理化参数符合许多限制在水再利用法规中的再利用目的的要求。基于试点运行，建立了经济模型来估算其在几个处理量下的经济可行性（CAPEX、OPEX 和投资回收期）。在西班牙和其他国家的水价和能源价格下，以 20 年的计划运行期计算了投资回收期。水价越高，投资回收期越短。处理量为 10.5 和 20 m/d 的 GW 分别对应西班牙的投资回收期为 10.1 年和 9.0 年。最后，在经济条件下，还考虑了 vertECO 的共同效益，并与另一种强化技术（即膜生物反应器）进行了比较。
