The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW, Australia; National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent St Bentley, WA, Australia.
The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW, Australia; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent St Bentley, WA, Australia.
Addict Behav. 2021 Oct;121:107004. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107004. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
Alcohol is a major source of harm worldwide. The aim of this study was to experimentally assess the effects of exposing Australian adult drinkers to combinations of 'why to reduce' and 'how to reduce' alcohol harm-reduction messages.
Three online surveys were administered over six weeks: Time 1 at baseline (n = 7,995), Time 2 at three weeks post-baseline (n = 4,588), and Time 3 at six weeks post-baseline (n = 2,687). Participants were randomly assigned to one of eight conditions: (1) a control condition; (2) a 'why to reduce' television advertisement; (3-5) one of three 'how to reduce' messages referring to the following protective behavioral strategies (PBSs): Keep count of your drinks, Decide how many drinks and stick to it, It's okay to say no; and (6-8) the television advertisement combined with each PBS message individually. Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted to determine effects of condition assignment on changes over time in attempts to reduce alcohol consumption and amount of alcohol consumed.
Participants assigned to the 'TV ad' and 'TV ad + Keep count of your drinks PBS' conditions reported significant increases in attempts to reduce alcohol consumption. Only participants assigned to the 'TV ad + Keep count of your drinks PBS' condition exhibited a significant reduction in alcohol consumed (-0.87 drinks per person per week).
Well-executed 'why to reduce' alcohol harm-reduction advertisements can encourage drinkers to attempt to reduce their alcohol consumption. These ads may be effectively supplemented by specific 'how to reduce' messages designed to encourage drinkers to monitor their intake.
酒精是全球范围内的主要危害源。本研究旨在通过实验评估向澳大利亚成年饮酒者展示“为何减少”和“如何减少”酒精危害减少信息的组合对他们的影响。
在六周的时间内进行了三次在线调查：基线时的第 1 次（n=7995），基线后第 3 周的第 2 次（n=4588）和基线后第 6 周的第 3 次（n=2687）。参与者被随机分配到以下 8 种条件之一：（1）对照组；（2）一个“为何减少”电视广告；（3-5）三种“如何减少”信息中的一种，分别提到以下三种保护性行为策略（PBS）：数清你的饮料、决定喝多少并坚持、说不可以；（6-8）电视广告与每个 PBS 信息的单独组合。采用意向治疗分析来确定条件分配对尝试减少饮酒量和饮酒量随时间变化的影响。
被分配到“电视广告”和“电视广告+数清你的饮料 PBS”条件的参与者报告称，尝试减少饮酒量的意愿显著增加。只有被分配到“电视广告+数清你的饮料 PBS”条件的参与者表现出饮酒量显著减少（每人每周减少 0.87 杯）。
精心制作的“为何减少”酒精危害减少广告可以鼓励饮酒者尝试减少饮酒量。这些广告可以通过设计特定的“如何减少”信息来有效地补充，以鼓励饮酒者监测自己的摄入量。
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