Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700AA, Netherlands.
Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Food Res Int. 2021 Jul;145:110401. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110401. Epub 2021 May 11.
As a kind of promising resource, animal bone has been widely processed into functional foods. However, there is little research about the effect of particle size on the physicochemical properties and digestibility of yak bone powder (YBP), as well as its anti-osteoporosis activity. In this study, the YBP with median particle sizes (MPS) ranging from 19.68 to 128.37 μm were prepared, and their digestibility and anti-osteoporosis activity were investigated. The results showed that smaller MPS significantly increased water holding capacity and protein solubility without changing composition. The MPS reduction greatly promoted protein digestion, producing more peptides<3 kDa and free amino acids while decreased Ca and P release during gastrointestinal digestion. The in vivo results revealed the positive effect of YBP on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. The bone mineral density of ovariectomized (OVX) rats was obviously improved by regulating bone turnover markers (B-ALP, OCN, S-CTX, ES and TRAP), thus potentially shedding light on osteoporosis remission. However, different MPS exhibited a weak effect on osteoporosis in OVX rats. Therefore, YBP could be produced in relatively large particle size without sacrificing food sensory quality, the processing time of which could also be shortened for higher productivity and lower cost.
作为一种有前途的资源，动物骨骼已被广泛加工成功能性食品。然而，关于粒度对牦牛骨粉（YBP）的理化性质和消化率以及其抗骨质疏松活性的影响的研究甚少。在这项研究中，制备了中值粒径（MPS）范围为 19.68 至 128.37 μm 的 YBP，并研究了其消化率和抗骨质疏松活性。结果表明，较小的 MPS 可显著提高持水力和蛋白质溶解度，而不改变组成。MPS 减小极大地促进了蛋白质消化，产生了更多的<3 kDa 肽和游离氨基酸，同时减少了胃肠道消化过程中钙和磷的释放。体内结果表明 YBP 对去卵巢诱导的大鼠骨质疏松症有积极作用。骨转换标志物（B-ALP、OCN、S-CTX、ES 和 TRAP）调节后，去卵巢（OVX）大鼠的骨矿物质密度明显提高，从而可能对骨质疏松症的缓解产生影响。然而，不同的 MPS 对 OVX 大鼠的骨质疏松症的作用较弱。因此，YBP 可以以相对较大的粒径生产，而不会牺牲食品的感官质量，并且加工时间也可以缩短，以提高生产力和降低成本。
