Memorial University of Newfoundland School of Pharmacy, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada.
Memorial University of Newfoundland School of Pharmacy, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland Discipline of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada.
Addict Behav. 2021 Nov;122:107005. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107005. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
Emerging adults (age 18-25) have the highest rate of substance use disorders (SUD) and often drop out of treatment earlier than those age twenty six or older. In order to increase treatment retention in emerging adults, there needs to be a better understanding of which SUD treatment interventions work best for this population. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate treatment interventions for emerging adults with SUD and identify which interventions show promise for retention in treatment.
Following the PRISMA guidelines, Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL (all via EBSCO), and Embase were systematically searched for articles that evaluated treatment interventions for emerging adults with SUD. From here, the authors identified treatment interventions that showed promise for retention in treatment.
Nine studies were included. The main findings indicate (1) behavioral therapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy and contingency management for cannabis and alcohol use disorders, or (2) cognitive behavioral therapy paired with opioid-agonist-therapy for opioid use disorder demonstrate the most promise for retention in treatment.
The interventions identified that show promise for emerging adults was similar to studies evaluating interventions for all ages. Given that retention rates are often lower in emerging adults despite the application of the full range of effective adult treatments, this review suggests they may require something different. While further studies are warranted to determine with more certainty what works best to keep emerging adults in treatment, some tentative suggestions are included.
处于成年初期的个体（18-25 岁）物质使用障碍（SUD）的发生率最高，并且往往比 26 岁及以上的成年人更早退出治疗。为了提高成年初期个体的治疗保留率，需要更好地了解哪些 SUD 治疗干预措施最适合该人群。本系统评价的目的是评估针对成年初期 SUD 患者的治疗干预措施，并确定哪些干预措施在治疗保留方面具有潜力。
根据 PRISMA 指南，系统检索了 Medline、PsycInfo、CINAHL（均通过 EBSCO）和 Embase 中的文章，以评估针对成年初期 SUD 患者的治疗干预措施。在此基础上，作者确定了在治疗保留方面有潜力的治疗干预措施。
共纳入了 9 项研究。主要发现表明，（1）针对大麻和酒精使用障碍的行为疗法，如认知行为疗法和条件性管理，或（2）针对阿片类药物使用障碍的认知行为疗法与阿片类激动剂疗法相结合，在治疗保留方面最有潜力。
在针对成年初期患者的有潜力的干预措施与评估所有年龄段患者的干预措施相似。尽管针对成年初期个体应用了一系列有效的成人治疗方法，但保留率往往较低，这表明他们可能需要一些不同的方法。虽然还需要进一步的研究来更确定地确定哪些方法最适合让成年初期个体继续接受治疗，但本研究提出了一些初步建议。
