Espinosa Maria L, Abad Chelsea, Kurtzman Yaira, Abdulla Farah R
Department of Dermatology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
Department of Dermatology, City of Hope Los Angeles, Duarte, CA, United States.
Front Oncol. 2021 May 27;11:605941. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.605941. eCollection 2021.
Treatment of head and neck cancers requires multidisciplinary collaboration to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the tumor burden, as well as to preserve function of organs and structures. With the use of various new targeted therapies come new adverse events including dermatologic toxicities, which may consist of xerosis, nail and hair changes, morbilliform or papulopustular rashes, to more severe eruptions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome. We describe the dermatologic toxicities and corresponding grades of severity and associated pathophysiology resulting from seven therapeutics used to treat head and neck cancers: cetuximab, trastuzumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, lentatinib, larotrectinib, and entrectinib. Being familiar with these dermatologic toxicities allows clinicians to provide comprehensive counseling for patients, encourage preventative measures, and to know when it is appropriate to hold therapy or permanently stop treatment.
头颈部癌症的治疗需要多学科协作，以降低与肿瘤负荷相关的发病率和死亡率，并保留器官和结构的功能。随着各种新的靶向治疗方法的应用，出现了新的不良事件，包括皮肤毒性，其可能包括皮肤干燥、指甲和毛发变化、麻疹样或丘疹脓疱性皮疹，以及更严重的皮疹，如史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征。我们描述了用于治疗头颈部癌症的七种疗法所导致的皮肤毒性、相应的严重程度分级及相关病理生理学：西妥昔单抗、曲妥珠单抗、帕博利珠单抗、纳武利尤单抗、仑伐替尼、拉罗替尼和恩曲替尼。熟悉这些皮肤毒性有助于临床医生为患者提供全面的咨询，鼓励采取预防措施，并了解何时适合暂停治疗或永久停止治疗。
