Li Yanping, Fu Ruoqiu, Jiang Tingting, Duan Dongyu, Wu Yuanlin, Li Chen, Li Ziwei, Ni Rui, Li Li, Liu Yao
Department of Pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Front Oncol. 2022 Feb 10;12:804212. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.804212. eCollection 2022.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are widely used to treat various types of cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer. Adverse reactions such as skin toxicity, interstitial lung disease, hepatotoxicity, ocular toxicity, hypomagnesemia, stomatitis, and diarrhea may occur during treatment. Because the EGFR signaling pathway is important for maintaining normal physiological skin function. Adverse skin reactions occurred in up to 90% of cancer patients treated with EGFR inhibitors, including common skin toxicities (such as papulopustular exanthemas, paronychia, hair changes) and rare fatal skin toxicities (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis). This has led to the dose reduction or discontinuation of EGFR inhibitors in the treatment of cancer. Recently, progress has been made about research on the skin toxicity of EGFR inhibitors. Here, we summarize the mechanism of skin toxicity caused by EGFR inhibitors, measures to prevent severe fatal skin toxicity, and provide reference for medical staff how to give care and treatment after adverse skin reactions.
表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）抑制剂被广泛用于治疗多种类型的癌症，如非小细胞肺癌、头颈癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌。治疗期间可能会出现皮肤毒性、间质性肺病、肝毒性、眼部毒性、低镁血症、口腔炎和腹泻等不良反应。因为EGFR信号通路对于维持正常的皮肤生理功能很重要。接受EGFR抑制剂治疗的癌症患者中，高达90%会出现皮肤不良反应，包括常见的皮肤毒性（如丘疹脓疱性皮疹、甲沟炎、毛发改变）和罕见的致命性皮肤毒性（如史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征、中毒性表皮坏死松解症、急性泛发性脓疱性皮病）。这导致在癌症治疗中EGFR抑制剂的剂量减少或停药。最近，关于EGFR抑制剂皮肤毒性的研究取得了进展。在此，我们总结了EGFR抑制剂引起皮肤毒性的机制、预防严重致命性皮肤毒性的措施，并为医护人员在皮肤不良反应后如何给予护理和治疗提供参考。
