Section of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jan;17(1):121-130. doi: 10.2215/CJN.03410321. Epub 2021 Jun 14.
After kidney transplantation, mineral and bone disorders are associated with higher risk of fractures and consequent morbidity and mortality. Disorders of calcium and phosphorus, vitamin D deficiency, and hyperparathyroidism are also common. The epidemiology of bone disease has evolved over the past several decades due to changes in immunosuppressive regimens, mainly glucocorticoid minimization or avoidance. The assessment of bone disease in kidney transplant recipients relies on risk factor recognition and bone mineral density assessment. Several drugs have been trialed for the treatment of post-transplant mineral and bone disorders. This review will focus on the epidemiology, effect, and treatment of metabolic and skeletal derangements in the transplant recipient.
肾移植后，矿物质和骨骼紊乱与更高的骨折风险以及由此导致的发病率和死亡率相关。钙和磷紊乱、维生素 D 缺乏和甲状旁腺功能亢进也很常见。由于免疫抑制方案的改变，主要是糖皮质激素的最小化或避免，过去几十年骨病的流行病学发生了变化。肾移植受者的骨骼疾病评估依赖于危险因素识别和骨矿物质密度评估。一些药物已被尝试用于治疗移植后矿物质和骨骼紊乱。这篇综述将重点关注移植受者的代谢和骨骼紊乱的流行病学、影响和治疗。
