Carlow C K, Dobinson A R, Bianco A E
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, St Albans, Herts, UK.
Parasite Immunol. 1988 May;10(3):309-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1988.tb00223.x.
The model of Onchocerca lienalis microfilariae (mf) in CBA mice has been employed to examine the immunological mechanisms underlying the destruction of skin-dwelling mf in onchocerciasis. Comparative studies among immunologically intact (CBA/H) or deficient (CBA/N, T-cell-deprived) syngeneic animals demonstrated that levels of mf of a primary infection were reduced most rapidly in fully immunocompetent mice. Significant reductions in recoveries of a secondary infection were evident in CBA/H (80%) and CBA/N (44%) mice, but not in T-cell-deprived animals. The establishment of primary and secondary infections was apparently not influenced by complement, as judged by C3 depletion with Cobra Venom Factor. Eosinophilia was demonstrated to varying degrees in all infected animals; similar levels occurred in CBA/H and CBA/N mice which were greatly elevated after mf challenge. In contrast, the eosinophil response of T-cell-deprived mice was weak and not potentiated during secondary infection. Type I immediate hypersensitivity responses to soluble mf antigen (mf-Ag) were mounted by all groups, but significantly less strongly in T-cell-deprived mice. Type IV delayed responses were generally weak, although CBA/N mice reacted strongly in the early phase of primary infections. During the first 2 weeks of infection CBA/H and T-cell-deprived mice mounted rapid IgM responses to mf-Ag. Subsequently, levels of IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG1 increased in all mice. There was a potentiated IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG1 response in all groups following challenge, with levels of IgG1 highest in CBA/H mice. IgE responses were also detected by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis during primary and secondary infections. Peak levels of parasite-specific antibodies coincided with the timing of mf clearance.
已采用盘尾丝虫微小丝蚴（mf）在CBA小鼠体内的模型来研究盘尾丝虫病中皮肤内微小丝蚴被破坏的免疫机制。对免疫功能正常（CBA/H）或缺陷（CBA/N，T细胞缺失）的同基因动物进行的比较研究表明，在完全免疫功能正常的小鼠中，初次感染的微小丝蚴水平下降最快。在CBA/H（80%）和CBA/N（44%）小鼠中，二次感染的回收率显著降低，但在T细胞缺失的动物中则不然。通过用眼镜蛇毒因子消耗C3判断，初次和二次感染的建立显然不受补体影响。在所有感染动物中均不同程度地表现出嗜酸性粒细胞增多；CBA/H和CBA/N小鼠中出现相似水平，在微小丝蚴攻击后显著升高。相比之下，T细胞缺失小鼠的嗜酸性粒细胞反应较弱，在二次感染期间未增强。所有组均对可溶性微小丝蚴抗原（mf-Ag）产生I型速发型超敏反应，但在T细胞缺失小鼠中反应明显较弱。IV型迟发型反应通常较弱，尽管CBA/N小鼠在初次感染的早期阶段反应强烈。在感染的前2周，CBA/H和T细胞缺失小鼠对mf-Ag产生快速的IgM反应。随后，所有小鼠体内IgG2a、IgG2b和IgG1水平升高。攻击后所有组的IgG2a、IgG2b和IgG1反应均增强，其中CBA/H小鼠的IgG1水平最高。在初次和二次感染期间，通过被动皮肤过敏反应也检测到了IgE反应。寄生虫特异性抗体的峰值水平与微小丝蚴清除的时间一致。
