Department of Psychiatry, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Psychiatry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Neuropsychopharmacol Rep. 2021 Sep;41(3):371-378. doi: 10.1002/npr2.12188. Epub 2021 Jun 15.
Some pieces of the literature report impaired cognitive functioning in tramadol dependence. Whether extended abstinence improves cognitive functioning or not is not well studied.
We aimed to measure the change in cognitive functioning following complete abstinence among individuals with tramadol dependence.
Eighty-three male tramadol-dependent (TD) and 57 matched healthy controls participated in this study. Cognitive functions were assessed using: The Trail making test (TMT), Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R), and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). Patients were assessed in the first week immediately after the end of the in-patient treatment program (T1), and after six months of sustained abstinence (T2).
At T1, the TD group showed deficits on all tested cognitive parameters (visual attention, task switching, working memory, visual memory, verbal memory, verbal knowledge, Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, and Full-Scale IQ) in comparison to the control group. At T2, significant improvements had occurred in all the tested parameters except performance IQ. The cognitive performance of the abstinent individuals at T2 was comparable to the control group for the verbal subsets of WMS-R, Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, and Full-Scale IQ. Nevertheless, it was still worse than the control group in TMT, and all other WMS subsets.
tramadol dependence has negative effects on cognitive performance, which improves with extended abstinence.
一些文献报道曲马多依赖者认知功能受损。长期戒断是否能改善认知功能尚未得到充分研究。
我们旨在测量曲马多依赖者完全戒断后认知功能的变化。
83 名男性曲马多依赖者（TD）和 57 名匹配的健康对照者参与了这项研究。使用：连线测试（TMT）、韦氏记忆量表修订版（WMS-R）和韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS）评估认知功能。患者在住院治疗结束后的第一周（T1）和持续戒断 6 个月后（T2）进行评估。
在 T1 时，与对照组相比，TD 组在所有测试的认知参数（视觉注意力、任务转换、工作记忆、视觉记忆、言语记忆、言语知识、言语智商、操作智商和全量表智商）上均存在缺陷。在 T2 时，除操作智商外，所有测试参数均有显著改善。与对照组相比，戒断个体在 T2 时的认知表现仅在 WMS-R 的言语子集中、言语智商、操作智商和全量表智商上与对照组相当，但在 TMT 和所有其他 WMS 子集中仍较差。
曲马多依赖对认知功能有负面影响，长期戒断可改善认知功能。
